User:Paul.w.bennett/piephon: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
|align = "center"|p b pʰ
|align = "center"|p b bʰ
|align = "center"|t d tʰ
|align = "center"|t d dʰ
|align = "center"|c ɟ cʰ
|align = "center"|c ɟ ɟʰ
|align = "center"|k g kʰ
|align = "center"|k ɡ ɡʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ gʷ kʷʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ ɡʷ ɡʷʰ


|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">


==Semivowels==
==Semivowels==
''Phonetic values of laryngeals per Beekes''


{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|u̯ u
|align = "center"|u̯ u
|align = "center"|i̯ i
|align = "center"|i̯ i
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">1</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">1</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">1</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">2</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">2</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">2</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">3</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">3</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">3</font></sub>


|-
|-
|align = "center"|w u
|align = "center"|w u
|align = "center"|j i
|align = "center"|j i
|align = "center"|ʔ ɛ̽
|align = "center"|ʔ  
|align = "center"|ʕ ɑ̽
|align = "center"|ʕ  
|align = "center"|ʕʷ ɒ̽
|align = "center"|ʕʷ  


|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">
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|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">


=My System=
=Glottalic System=
 
==Stops==


{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|'''Traditional Notation'''
|align = "center"|p pʼ pʰ
|align = "center"|tḱ dǵ dʰǵʰ
|align = "center"|t tʼ tʰ
|align = "center"|ḱ ǵ ǵʰ
|align = "center"|ḱ ḱʼ ḱʰ
|align = "center"|k kʼ kʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ kʷʼ kʷʰ


|-
|-
|align = "center"|'''My Notation'''
|align = "center"|p pʼ pʰ
|align = "center"|t tʼ tʰ
|align = "center"|c cʼ cʰ
|align = "center"|k kʼ kʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ kʷʼ kʷʰ
 
|}<br clear="all">
 
''All other symbols and sounds as per the Traditional system.''
 
=My System=
 
==Stops==
 
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|p b pʰ
|align = "center"|t d tʰ
|align = "center"|č ǰ čʰ
|align = "center"|č ǰ čʰ
|align = "center"|c j cʰ
|align = "center"|c j cʰ
|align = "center"|k g kʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ gʷ kʷʰ


|-
|-
|align = "center"|'''Phonetic'''
|align = "center"|p b pʰ
|align = "center"|t d tʰ
|align = "center"|tʃ dʒ tʃʰ
|align = "center"|tʃ dʒ tʃʰ
|align = "center"|c ɟ cʰ
|align = "center"|c ɟ cʰ
|align = "center"|k ɡ kʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ ɡʷ kʷʰ


|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">
Note: The ''č ǰ čʰ'' series is recontructed as ''tḱ dǵ dʰǵʰ'' in the Traditional (and most other) systems. It seems clear to me that it's an affricate of some kind, and the postalveolar series is easiest for me personally to pronounce. Aside from a single attested ''dgʷ-'' onset, it's the only root-internal stop/stop cluster in PIE, and I'm quite willing to sweep the lone ''dgʷ-'' under the rug as a ''ǰu̯-''.
==Semivowels==
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|u̯ u
|align = "center"|i̯ i
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">1</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">1</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">2</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">2</font></sub>
|align = "center"|h<sub><font size="-3">3</font></sub> h̥<sub><font size="-3">3</font></sub>
|-
|align = "center"|w u
|align = "center"|j i
|align = "center"|ʔ ɛ
|align = "center"|ʕ ʌ
|align = "center"|ʕʷ ɔ
|}<br clear="all">
==Fricatives==
I suspect two distinct fricatives, the standard ''s'' and ... "something else". If present, it's rare, and I have tended to use ''x'' to notate it. I lean towards postalveolar as the point of articulation (i.e. /ʃ/ ~ /ʒ/), but I have very little evidence to go on so far.


=Gábor Sándi System=
=Gábor Sándi System=


==Vowels==
==Stops==


{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|i
|align = "center"|p b bʰ
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
|align = "center"|t d dʰ
|align = "center"|u
|align = "center"|k g gʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ gʷ gʷʰ


|-
|-
|align = "center"|e
|align = "center"|p b bʰ
|align = "center"|ə
|align = "center"|t d dʰ
|align = "center"|o
|align = "center"|k ɡ ɡʰ
|align = "center"|kʷ ɡʷ ɡʷʰ
 
|}<br clear="all">
 
Note: ''no palatal series''
 
==Semivowels==
 
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|w
|align = "center"|y


|-
|-
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
|align = "center"|w
|align = "center"|a
|align = "center"|j
|align = "center"|&nbsp;


|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">


''Note: no length distinction''


==Fricatives==
==Fricatives==
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|align = "center"|ɣ
|align = "center"|ɣ
|align = "center"|ɣʷ
|align = "center"|ɣʷ
|}<br clear="all">
''The notations "> ∅" and "> h̬" indicate the outcome in the Anatolian branch. The /ʔ/ phoneme is written with an apostrophe: '''ʼ'''''
==Liquids==
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|r
|align = "center"|l
|-
|align = "center"|r
|align = "center"|l
|}<br clear="all">
==Nasals==
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|m
|align = "center"|n
|align = "center"|ŋ
|-
|align = "center"|m
|align = "center"|n
|align = "center"|ŋ
|}<br clear="all">
==Vowels==
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center" |i
|align = "center" colspan = "3"|&nbsp;
|align = "center" |u
|-
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|align = "center" |e
|align = "center" |ə
|align = "center" |o
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|-
|align = "center" colspan = "2"|&nbsp;
|align = "center" |a
|align = "center" colspan = "2"|&nbsp;
|}<br clear="all">
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center" |ej
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|align = "center" |oj
|-
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|align = "center" |aj
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|}<br clear="all">
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center" |ew
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|align = "center" |ow
|-
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|align = "center" |aw
|align = "center" |&nbsp;
|}<br clear="all">
''Note: no length distinction''
''Note: in this system, syllabic consonants are əC sequences''
=Rheimer(?) System (IIRC)=
''May not be exactly right, it's from memory''
==Vowels==
{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" align="center"
|align = "center"|i iː
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
|align = "center"|u uː
|-
|align = "center"|&nbsp;
|align = "center"|a aː
|align = "center"|&nbsp;


|}<br clear="all">
|}<br clear="all">

Latest revision as of 11:32, 27 April 2007

Traditional

Stops

p b bʰ t d dʰ ḱ ǵ ǵʰ k g gʰ kʷ gʷ gʷʰ
p b bʰ t d dʰ c ɟ ɟʰ k ɡ ɡʰ kʷ ɡʷ ɡʷʰ


Semivowels

Phonetic values of laryngeals per Beekes

u̯ u i̯ i h1 h2 h3
w u j i ʔ ʕ ʕʷ


Fricative

s
s z


Liquids

r r̥ l l̥
ɹ ɹ̩ l l̩


Nasals

m m̥ n n̥
m m̩ n n̩


Vowels

e ē o ō
e eː o oː


Glottalic System

Stops

p pʼ pʰ t tʼ tʰ ḱ ḱʼ ḱʰ k kʼ kʰ kʷ kʷʼ kʷʰ
p pʼ pʰ t tʼ tʰ c cʼ cʰ k kʼ kʰ kʷ kʷʼ kʷʰ


All other symbols and sounds as per the Traditional system.

My System

Stops

p b pʰ t d tʰ č ǰ čʰ c j cʰ k g kʰ kʷ gʷ kʷʰ
p b pʰ t d tʰ tʃ dʒ tʃʰ c ɟ cʰ k ɡ kʰ kʷ ɡʷ kʷʰ


Note: The č ǰ čʰ series is recontructed as tḱ dǵ dʰǵʰ in the Traditional (and most other) systems. It seems clear to me that it's an affricate of some kind, and the postalveolar series is easiest for me personally to pronounce. Aside from a single attested dgʷ- onset, it's the only root-internal stop/stop cluster in PIE, and I'm quite willing to sweep the lone dgʷ- under the rug as a ǰu̯-.

Semivowels

u̯ u i̯ i h1 h̥1 h2 h̥2 h3 h̥3
w u j i ʔ ɛ ʕ ʌ ʕʷ ɔ


Fricatives

I suspect two distinct fricatives, the standard s and ... "something else". If present, it's rare, and I have tended to use x to notate it. I lean towards postalveolar as the point of articulation (i.e. /ʃ/ ~ /ʒ/), but I have very little evidence to go on so far.

Gábor Sándi System

Stops

p b bʰ t d dʰ k g gʰ kʷ gʷ gʷʰ
p b bʰ t d dʰ k ɡ ɡʰ kʷ ɡʷ ɡʷʰ


Note: no palatal series

Semivowels

w y
w j



Fricatives

Traditional s z h1 > ∅ h1 > h̬ h2 h2ʷ h3 h3ʷ
Sándi s z ʔ h x xʷ ɣ ɣʷ


The notations "> ∅" and "> h̬" indicate the outcome in the Anatolian branch. The /ʔ/ phoneme is written with an apostrophe: ʼ

Liquids

r l
r l


Nasals

m n ŋ
m n ŋ


Vowels

i   u
  e ə o  
  a  


ej   oj
  aj  


ew   ow
  aw  


Note: no length distinction

Note: in this system, syllabic consonants are əC sequences

Rheimer(?) System (IIRC)

May not be exactly right, it's from memory

Vowels

i iː   u uː
  a aː  


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