Mahabhadhuphu

Mahabhadhuphu (Eng: Mamanuphian; Mamanuphian: Mahaφξaθξoπξo) is a language isolate. It is an ergative-absolutive language, leading some scholars to surmise that it may be related to Basque. Mahabhadhuphu lexicon, Mahabhadhuphu vocabulary

Alphabet

The Mamanuphian alphabet (arewebhethu, aρefeφξedξo) is based on ancient Etruscan, and has somewhat of a look of a mixture of Greek (Garekhey, Xaρecξeq) and Latin (Rubhadhey, Ρoφξaθξeq) alphabets. Until 1945, the alphabet had no minuscule letters. In an effort to modernize the alphabet, the letters were given their closest Latin or Greek shapes. This process was based totally on the shape of the original letter, and thus some letters have different sounds than their Greek or Latin counterparts. If the majuscule was the same in both Latin and Greek, the Latin minuscule form won out.

Mah.

Aa

Cc

Dd

Ee

Ff

Hh

Θθ

Mm

Nn

ξ

Oo

Ππ

Qq

Ρρ

Rr

Vv

Xx

Φφ

Latin

A

K

T

E

W

H

D

M

N

*

U

P

Y

R

Rr**

Ng

G

B

IPA

/a/

/k/

/t/

/e/

/w/

/h/

/d/

/ɱ/

/n̪/

/u/

/p/

/j/

/ɺ/

/ʀ/

/ŋ/

/g/

/b/

Name

Arew

Kabhu

Terethu

Epheru

Waw

Hethu

Dethu

Mu

Nu

Hu

Ubhekheru

Pu

Yuphu

Ru

Arru

Ngepheru

Gu

Bu

*The letter ξ is used to show aspiration of the previous stop consonant (eg., b > bʰ, p > pʰ, etc.) It may also be written as a circumflex (^ rutheghu, ρodξexξo) over the letter. Since current morphology requires that all stop consonants are aspirated intervocalically, the hu or rutheghu is often left out as redundant. For example, the name of the language, Mahaφξaθξoπξo (Mahabhadhuphu) is often spelt Mahaφaθoπ0o, but φξaqaπξav (bhayaphang: island) would still be spelt φξaqaπav (with the initial ξ after the φ remaining). This guide will use official spelling with the ξ left in tact. ξ has no majuscule.

** There are two "R" sounds in Mahamanuphian. The first, represented by the letter

Orthography

Mamanuphian orthography is very basic. Words may begin with either a consonant or a vowel and follow the rule of consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel. Words may end in either a vowel or nasal (M, N or Ng). Nasala are not allowed internally in a word, and change according to this pattern: M>Bh, N>Dh, Ng>Th.

Nouns

There are five classes of nouns in Mamanuphian:

Type one: Human (gephey: xeπξeq)

Related to humans. Usually ends in -u or -e in the absolutive and ergative cases.

word	Absolutive case	Ergative case	Genitive case	Dative case	Instrumental case
man	mahu, maho	maheru, maheρo	mahey, maheq	maham, maham	mahuthe, mahodξe
woman	kure, coρe	kurere, coρeρe	kurey, coρeq	kuram, coρam	kuruthe, coρodξe
king	haru, haρo	hareru, haρeρo	harey, haρeq	haram, haρam	haruthe, haρodξe
human (being)	gephe, xeπξe	gephere, xeπξere	gephey, xeπξeq	gepham, xeπξam	gephuthe, xeπξudξe

Type two: Animals and plants (theng teheng radhaheng: dξev dehev ρaθξahev)

Type two nouns usually end in -eng in the absolutive and ergative cases. Domesticated animals and palnts may end either in -u or -eng. The -eng usually gives a connotation of wildness.

word	Absolutive case	Ergative case	Genitive case	Dative case
tree	dukheng, θocξev	dukhereng, θocξeρev	dukhey, θocξeq	dukham, θocξam
plant	radhaheng, ρaθξahev	radhahereng, ρaθξaheρev	radhahey, ρaθξaheq	radhaham, ρaθξaham
cow	bhahu (bhaheng), φξaho (φξahev)	bhaheru (bhahereng), φξaheρo (φξaheρev)	bhahey, φξahey	bhaham (φξaham)

Type three: Tools (kerebha: ceρeφξa)

Type three nouns include tools, most technology and languages. Tools and technology usually end in either -a or -u. Languages usually end in -ethe or -uphu.

word	Absolutive case	Ergative case	Genitive case	Dative case
automobile	awthumubhera, afdξomoφξeρa	awthumubherera, afdξomoφξeρeρa	awthumubherey, afdξomoφξeρeq	awthumubheram, afdξomoφξeρam
hammer	yura, qoρa	yurera, qoρeρa	yureq, qoρeq	yuram, qoρam
pot	ngehu, veho	ngeheru, veheρo

Articles

There is no indefinate or definate article in Mamanuphian.

Pronouns

	I	you	he/she/it
me	ru, ρo	wu, fo	gu, xu
you	ram, ρam	wam, fam	gam, xam
him/her/it	rehu, ρeho	wehu, feho	gehu, xeho