Cedilla: Difference between revisions
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A Visigothic '''z'''.{{ref|visigothz}} | |||
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===The origin of ç === | ===The origin of ç === | ||
[[Image:C-cedilla-origin.gif| | The letter '''ç''' originated in the [[Wikipedia:Visigothic script|Visigothic script]] used in Spain in early medieval times. Contrary to what the modern shape and name ''c-cedilla'' suggest it is not in origin a '''c''' with a [[Wikipedia:diacritic|diacritic]], but a swash form of '''z'''. | ||
[[Image:C-cedilla-origin.gif|left|200px|The origin of '''ç''']] | |||
A form of '''z''' like the '''{{IPA|ʒ}}''' now used in [[IPA]] for the French sound of '''j''', with a downward curved swash replacing the lower horizontal line, was widespread in medieval scripts. In Spain this form developed a variant with also the ''upper'' horizontal line becoming a curved swash. In time this form (No. 3 in the image) became differentiated in use, denoting the voiceless coronal affricate {{IPA|/ts/}} while form (1) or (2) denoted the corresponding voiced affricate {{IPA|/dz/}}. Perhaps it was the use of this letter form for the same sound as '''c''' represented before the letters '''e, i''' and '''y''' that prompted its further development into a form like a '''c''' with a tail, through increasing the size of the upper curve while decreasing the size of the lower part. | A form of '''z''' like the '''{{IPA|ʒ}}''' now used in [[IPA]] for the French sound of '''j''', with a downward curved swash replacing the lower horizontal line, was widespread in medieval scripts. In Spain this form developed a variant with also the ''upper'' horizontal line becoming a curved swash. In time this form (No. 3 in the image) became differentiated in use, denoting the voiceless coronal affricate {{IPA|/ts/}} while form (1) or (2) denoted the corresponding voiced affricate {{IPA|/dz/}}. Perhaps it was the use of this letter form for the same sound as '''c''' represented before the letters '''e, i''' and '''y''' that prompted its further development into a form like a '''c''' with a tail, through increasing the size of the upper curve while decreasing the size of the lower part. | ||
== The name "cedilla" == | |||
The word ''cedilla'' is originally a diminutive of ''zeda'' or ''ceda'', the Spanish name for the letter '''z''', and thus was originally a name for the letter '''ç''', and not just for the ostensible diacritic. Alternative forms in older Spanish were ''cerilla'' and ''ceril''. Incidentally ''cerilla'' means "friction match" in modern Spanish! | |||
== Sources == | |||
* {{note|visigothz}} The image of the [http://medievalwriting.50megs.com/scripts/examples/visigoth.htm Visigothic] '''z''' was borrowed from Dr Dianne Tillotson's [http://medievalwriting.50megs.com/writing.htm medieval writing site]. | |||
* [[Wikipedia:Cedilla|Cedilla]] at Wikipedia. | |||
* [http://www.staff.uni-mainz.de/klump/20041202-10093458-Cedille.pdf Zur Geschichte und Bezeichnung der Cédille in den romanischen Sprachen], [[Wikipedia:PDF|PDF]] by Dr. Andre Klump, Mainz (in German). | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
Revision as of 04:30, 16 February 2007
A Visigothic z.[1]
The origin of ç
The letter ç originated in the Visigothic script used in Spain in early medieval times. Contrary to what the modern shape and name c-cedilla suggest it is not in origin a c with a diacritic, but a swash form of z.
A form of z like the ʒ now used in IPA for the French sound of j, with a downward curved swash replacing the lower horizontal line, was widespread in medieval scripts. In Spain this form developed a variant with also the upper horizontal line becoming a curved swash. In time this form (No. 3 in the image) became differentiated in use, denoting the voiceless coronal affricate /ts/ while form (1) or (2) denoted the corresponding voiced affricate /dz/. Perhaps it was the use of this letter form for the same sound as c represented before the letters e, i and y that prompted its further development into a form like a c with a tail, through increasing the size of the upper curve while decreasing the size of the lower part.
The name "cedilla"
The word cedilla is originally a diminutive of zeda or ceda, the Spanish name for the letter z, and thus was originally a name for the letter ç, and not just for the ostensible diacritic. Alternative forms in older Spanish were cerilla and ceril. Incidentally cerilla means "friction match" in modern Spanish!
Sources
- ^ The image of the Visigothic z was borrowed from Dr Dianne Tillotson's medieval writing site.
- Cedilla at Wikipedia.
- Zur Geschichte und Bezeichnung der Cédille in den romanischen Sprachen, PDF by Dr. Andre Klump, Mainz (in German).
External links
- Cedilla at Wikipedia.
- Visigothic script at Wikipedia.
- An image showing Visigothic script from the Library of the Medieval Institute at University of Notre Dame. Unfortunately without any example of z which of course was uncommon in Latin text.
