Miyu: Difference between revisions
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:[[Miyu/lexicon|Lexicon]] | |||
:[[Miyu/writing|Writing]] | |||
= Introduction = | = Introduction = | ||
'''Miyu''' is an attempt to have a minimalist artlang in the spirit of Toki Pona that affords speakers more nuance, even with a reduced number of morphemes. Strict word order and and word compounding allow '''Miyu''' to be expansive and specific when necessary. Strict use of syntactic and lexical particles help to reduce sematic ambiguities. | |||
Some key features: | |||
:* [[wp:Subject–verb–object_word_order|Subject-Verb-Object word order]] | |||
:* Highly [[wp:Analytic_language|analytical grammar]] | |||
:* Invariable lexemes | |||
:* Only 14 (base) sounds, 9 consonants, and 5 vowels | |||
:* Simple [[wp:Phonotactics|phonotactics]], or [[wp:Syllable|syllable structure]] (C)V(N) | |||
:* Only ~1000 core [[wp:Morpheme|morphemes]] | |||
:* Easy-to-follow word [[wp:Compound_(linguistics)|compounding]] | |||
:* Source languages are [[wp:List_of_languages_by_total_number_of_speakers|widely spoken/used]] | |||
= Phonology = | = Phonology = | ||
| Line 69: | Line 85: | ||
! scope="col" | | ! scope="col" | | ||
! scope="col" | -a | ! scope="col" | -a | ||
! scope="col" | -ai | |||
! scope="col" | -au | |||
! scope="col" | -an | ! scope="col" | -an | ||
! scope="col" | -e | ! scope="col" | -e | ||
| Line 81: | Line 99: | ||
! scope="row" | ∅- | ! scope="row" | ∅- | ||
| a | | a | ||
| | | ai | ||
| au | |||
| an | |||
| e | | e | ||
| en | | en | ||
| Line 93: | Line 113: | ||
! scope="row" | p- | ! scope="row" | p- | ||
| pa | | pa | ||
| pai | |||
| pau | |||
| pan | | pan | ||
| pe | | pe | ||
| Line 105: | Line 127: | ||
! scope="row" | t- | ! scope="row" | t- | ||
| ta | | ta | ||
| tai | |||
| tau | |||
| tan | | tan | ||
| te | | te | ||
| ten | | ten | ||
| | | ti | ||
| | | tin | ||
| to | | to | ||
| ton | | ton | ||
| Line 117: | Line 142: | ||
! scope="row" | k- | ! scope="row" | k- | ||
| ka | | ka | ||
| kai | |||
| kau | |||
| kan | | kan | ||
| ke | | ke | ||
| Line 129: | Line 156: | ||
! scope="row" | m- | ! scope="row" | m- | ||
| ma | | ma | ||
| mai | |||
| mau | |||
| man | | man | ||
| me | | me | ||
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! scope="row" | n- | ! scope="row" | n- | ||
| na | | na | ||
| nai | |||
| nau | |||
| nan | | nan | ||
| ne | | ne | ||
| Line 153: | Line 184: | ||
! scope="row" | s- | ! scope="row" | s- | ||
| sa | | sa | ||
| sai | |||
| sau | |||
| san | | san | ||
| se | | se | ||
| Line 165: | Line 198: | ||
! scope="row" | l- | ! scope="row" | l- | ||
| la | | la | ||
| lai | |||
| lau | |||
| lan | | lan | ||
| le | | le | ||
| Line 177: | Line 212: | ||
! scope="row" | w- | ! scope="row" | w- | ||
| wa | | wa | ||
| wai | |||
| style="background: #999" | – | |||
| wan | | wan | ||
| we | | we | ||
| Line 189: | Line 226: | ||
! scope="row" | y- | ! scope="row" | y- | ||
| ya | | ya | ||
| style="background: #999" | – | |||
| yau | |||
| yan | | yan | ||
| ye | | ye | ||
| Line 199: | Line 238: | ||
| yun | | yun | ||
|} | |} | ||
== phonotactics == | == phonotactics == | ||
| Line 207: | Line 246: | ||
= Syntax = | = Syntax = | ||
= Appendices = | = Appendices = | ||
Latest revision as of 06:13, 20 March 2025
Introduction
Miyu is an attempt to have a minimalist artlang in the spirit of Toki Pona that affords speakers more nuance, even with a reduced number of morphemes. Strict word order and and word compounding allow Miyu to be expansive and specific when necessary. Strict use of syntactic and lexical particles help to reduce sematic ambiguities.
Some key features:
- Subject-Verb-Object word order
- Highly analytical grammar
- Invariable lexemes
- Only 14 (base) sounds, 9 consonants, and 5 vowels
- Simple phonotactics, or syllable structure (C)V(N)
- Only ~1000 core morphemes
- Easy-to-follow word compounding
- Source languages are widely spoken/used
Phonology
Miyu has nine consonants (/p, t, k, s, m, n, l, j, w/) and five vowels (/a, e, i, o, u/). Stress is word final.
consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Dorsal | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | |
| Plosive | p | t | k |
| Fricative | s | ||
| Approximant | w | l | j (y) |
vowels
Vowels in stressed syllables tend to be tense, and likewise unstressed ones tend to be more lax. Thus, for example, /i/ is realized as [i] or [ɪ] in stressed and unstressed syllables, respectively. Likewise, /e/ is realized as [e] or [ɛ], and so on.
| Vowels | Front | Back |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i~ɪ | u~ʊ |
| Mid | e~ɛ | o~ɔ |
| Open | a~ə | |
diphthongs
There are two diphthongs [ai̯] ai, and [au̯] au. These typically occur word-finally.
syllable structure
All syllables are of the form (C)V(N), that is, optional consonant + vowel + optional final nasal, or V, CV, VN, CVN.
syllables
| -a | -ai | -au | -an | -e | -en | -i | -in | -o | -on | -u | -un | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∅- | a | ai | au | an | e | en | i | in | o | on | u | un |
| p- | pa | pai | pau | pan | pe | pen | pi | pin | po | pon | pu | pun |
| t- | ta | tai | tau | tan | te | ten | ti | tin | to | ton | tu | tun |
| k- | ka | kai | kau | kan | ke | ken | ki | kin | ko | kon | ku | kun |
| m- | ma | mai | mau | man | me | men | mi | min | mo | mon | mu | mun |
| n- | na | nai | nau | nan | ne | nen | ni | nin | no | non | nu | nun |
| s- | sa | sai | sau | san | se | sen | si | sin | so | son | su | sun |
| l- | la | lai | lau | lan | le | len | li | lin | lo | lon | lu | lun |
| w- | wa | wai | – | wan | we | wen | wi | win | – | – | – | – |
| y- | ya | – | yau | yan | ye | yen | – | – | yo | yon | yu | yun |
phonotactics
A few syllables sequences are disallowed; /ji, wu, wo/. Also, a syllable-final nasal may not occur before /m/ or /n/ in the same root.
