Senjecas - Living Language: Difference between revisions

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(Grammar corrections. Style revison. Glossing table updated.)
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<font size = 4>
==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
!p
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
!b
!f
!v
!m̃
!m
|
|
|
|
!t
! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
!d
!þ
!ð
!ɫ
!l
|
|
|
|
!ṡ
! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
!ż
!s
!z
!r
!n
|
|
|
|
!k
! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
!g
!x
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
!h
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
!š
! colspan="2" |
!s̨
|
|
|
|
!i
! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels with प)
!e
!a
![[Wikipedia:Ogonek#Similar diacritics|ǫ]]
!o
!u
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
!ĕ
!ŭ
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>p</center>
|/b/
! b
|/ɸ/
! f
|/β/
! v
|/m̥/
! m̃
|/m/
! m
|
|
! t
! d
! þ
! ð
! ɫ
! l
|
|
|
|
|/t/
! ṡ
|/d/
! ż
|/θ/
! s
|/ð/
! z
|/l̥/
! r
|/l/
! n
|
|
|
|
|/ʦ/
! k
|/ʣ/
! g
|/s/
! x
|/z/
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
|/ɾ̥/
! h
|/n/
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
|/k/
! š
|/g/
! s̨
|/ç/
|/ʝ/
|/j̊/
|/j/
|
|
|
|
|/sʷ/
! i
|/sʲ/
! e
! a
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
! o
! u
|
|
|
|
|/i/
! ı
|/e/
! ɛ
|/ä/
! y
|/ɒ/
|-
|/o/
! <center>प</center>
|/u/
! ब
! फ
! भ
! म़
! म
|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
! त
|/ɛ/
! द
|/ʊ/
! थ
! ध
! ल़
! ल
|
|
! च
! ज
! स
! स़
! र
! न
|
|
! क
! ग
! क़
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
! ह
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
! स्व
! स्य
|
|
! इ ई<br>पि पी
! ए एै<br>पे पै
! अ आ<br>प पा
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
! पं
! पऺ
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
| /t/
| /d/
| /θ/
| /ð/
| /l̥/
| /l/
!
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʣ/
| /s/
| /z/
| /ɾ̥/
| /n/
!
!
| /k/
| /g/
| /ç/
| /ʝ/
| /j̊/
| /j/
!
!
| /sʷ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /ɒ/
| /o/
| /u/
!
!
| /ɪ/
| /ɛ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}


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==Glossing abbreviations==
==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
| 1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
| ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
| COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
| F = feminine
|INS = instrument
| INT = intensive prefix
|PST = past
| PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
| SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
| ABS = absolutive<br>(an unmarked modifying adjective)
| DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
| FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
| LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
| PST = past
| TRZ = transitivizer
|-
| 3 = 3rd person
| ADV = adverb
| DIM = diminutive
| FUT = future
| LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
| REV = [[Wikipedia:Opposite (semantics)|reversive]]
| VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
| A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
| AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|CONV = conversive
| ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|F = feminine
| IMP = imperative
|INT = intensive prefix
| M = masculine
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
| Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
| YNG = young
|-
|-
| G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
| AP = agent (active) participle
| ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
| INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
| OCC = occupation suffix
| QUOT = direct quotation
|
|
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|QUOT = direct quotation
|-
|-
| N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
| AUG = augmentative
| EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
| IND = indicative
| PP = patient (past) participle
| RPR = recent perfective
|
|
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|OCC = occupation suffix
|RPRF = recent perfective
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
|SBJ = subjunctive
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
| V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|
| CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
| EQU = equative degree
|IND = indicative
| INS = instrument
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
| PRF = perfect
| SBJ = subjunctive
|
|
|}
|}
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==Text==
==Text==
*English Text
*Devanāgari Text
*Senjecan Translation
:Gloss


*The living language is like a cow-path.
*The living language is like a cow-path.
*'''ǧı̋ı̋a ȝe̋ka m̃axf̨oolő' sóma e̋sa:'''
*ग्वी॓अ ये॓क म़क़्फ्यौलो॓ऽ सो॔म ए॓स्॥
*'''ǧı̋ı̋a ȝe̋ka ȝunf̨oolő' sóma e̋sa:'''
:{|
:{|
!ǧı̋ı̋a-Ø||ȝe̋k-a||m̃ax-f̨ool-ő-'||sóma||e̋s-a
!ǧı̋ı̋a-Ø||ȝe̋k-a||ȝun-f̨ool-ő-'||sóma||e̋s-a
|-
|-
|living-ABS||language-N.s||cow-path-G.s-ELIS||like||be-IND
|living-ABS||language-N.s||cow-path-G.s-ELIS||like||be-IND
|}
|}


*It is the creation of the cows themselves,
*It is the creation of the cows themselves,
*'''mi-m̃axe̋m ƥűta e̋sa:'''
*युने॓म् एये-मिए॓म् प्यु॓त ए॓स॥
*'''ȝune̋m eȝe-mie̋m ƥűta e̋sa:'''
:{|
:{|
!mi=m̃ax-e̋m||ƥűt-a||e̋s-a
!ȝun-e̋m||eȝe=mi-e̋m||ƥűt-a||e̋s-a
|-
|-
|self=cow-G.p||creation-N.s||be-IND
|cow-G.p||their=self-G.p||creation-N.s||be-IND
|}
|}


*who, having created it, follow it or depart from it according to their whims or their needs.
*who, having created it, follow it or depart from it according to their whims or their needs.
*'''éȝom pŭƥűtantes eȝe-m̃eðta̋mm̃e eȝe-iiƣra̋mm̃e épa éȝom da̋ga m̃o éȝom vı̋da:'''
*त॔एस्। ए॔योम् पॅप्यु॓तन्तेस्। एये-म़ेध्त॓म्म़े एये-ईग़्र॓म्म़े ए॔प ए॔योम् द॓ग म़ो ए॔योम् भि॓द॥
*'''táes. éȝom pyƥűtantes. eȝe-m̃eðta̋mm̃e eȝe-iiƣra̋mm̃e épa éȝom da̋ga m̃o éȝom vı̋da:'''
:{|
:{|
!éȝ-om||pŭ~ƥűt-a-t-es||eȝe=m̃eðt-a̋m=m̃e||eȝe=iiƣr-a̋m=m̃e||épa||éȝ-om||da̋g-a||m̃o||éȝ-om||vı̋d-a
!tá-es||éȝ-om||py~ƥűt-a-nt-es||eȝe=m̃eðt-a̋m=m̃e||eȝe=iiƣr-a̋m=m̃e||épa||éȝ-om||da̋g-a||m̃o||éȝ-om||vı̋d-a
|-
|-
|3m-A.s||PRF~create-IND-PP-N.p||their=whim-G.p=or||their-need-G.p-or||according.to||3-A.s||follow-IND||or||3m-A.s||depart.from-IND
|who-N.p||3-A.s||PRF~create-IND-AP-N.p||their=whim-G.p=or||their-need-G.p-or||according.to||3-A.s||follow-IND||or||3-A.s||depart.from-IND
|}
|}


*From daily use, the path undergoes change.
*From daily use, the path undergoes change.
*फ्यौ॓लो अ॓हो नेउदो॓स् ह मे॓इथ॥
*'''f̨őőlo a̋ho neudős ha me̋iþa:'''
*'''f̨őőlo a̋ho neudős ha me̋iþa:'''
:{|
:{|
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|}
|}


A cow is under no obligation to stay.
 
*'''m̃a̋xe ɠa̋a̋lu bőþa ne⁝'''
*A cow is under no obligation to stay. - [[Wikipedia:E. B. White|E. B. White]]
*यु॓ने ग्यआ॓लु बो॓थ ने॥
*'''ȝűne ɠa̋a̋lu bőþa ne⁝'''
:{|
:{|
!m̃a̋x-e||ɠa̋a̋l-u||bőþ-a||ne
!ȝűn-e||ɠa̋a̋l-u||bőþ-a||ne
|-
|-
|cow-N.s||stay-SUP||be.obliged-IND||not
|cow-N.s||stay-SUP||be.obliged-IND||not
|}
|}


*-[[Wikipedia:E. B. White|E. B. White]]
*

Latest revision as of 15:13, 7 June 2024

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive
(an unmarked modifying adjective) 		DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix REV = reversive VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine Q = interrogative particle YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Text

  • English Text
  • Devanāgari Text
  • Senjecan Translation
Gloss
  • The living language is like a cow-path.
  • ग्वी॓अ ये॓क म़क़्फ्यौलो॓ऽ सो॔म ए॓स्॥
  • ǧı̋ı̋a ȝe̋ka ȝunf̨oolő' sóma e̋sa:
ǧı̋ı̋a-Ø ȝe̋k-a ȝun-f̨ool-ő-' sóma e̋s-a
living-ABS language-N.s cow-path-G.s-ELIS like be-IND


  • It is the creation of the cows themselves,
  • युने॓म् एये-मिए॓म् प्यु॓त ए॓स॥
  • ȝune̋m eȝe-mie̋m ƥűta e̋sa:
ȝun-e̋m eȝe=mi-e̋m ƥűt-a e̋s-a
cow-G.p their=self-G.p creation-N.s be-IND


  • who, having created it, follow it or depart from it according to their whims or their needs.
  • त॔एस्। ए॔योम् पॅप्यु॓तन्तेस्। एये-म़ेध्त॓म्म़े एये-ईग़्र॓म्म़े ए॔प ए॔योम् द॓ग म़ो ए॔योम् भि॓द॥
  • táes. éȝom pyƥűtantes. eȝe-m̃eðta̋mm̃e eȝe-iiƣra̋mm̃e épa éȝom da̋ga m̃o éȝom vı̋da:
tá-es éȝ-om py~ƥűt-a-nt-es eȝe=m̃eðt-a̋m=m̃e eȝe=iiƣr-a̋m=m̃e épa éȝ-om da̋g-a m̃o éȝ-om vı̋d-a
who-N.p 3-A.s PRF~create-IND-AP-N.p their=whim-G.p=or their-need-G.p-or according.to 3-A.s follow-IND or 3-A.s depart.from-IND


  • From daily use, the path undergoes change.
  • फ्यौ॓लो अ॓हो नेउदो॓स् ह मे॓इथ॥
  • f̨őőlo a̋ho neudős ha me̋iþa:
f̨őől-o a̋ho-Ø neud-ős ha meíþ-a
path-N.s daily-ABS use-G.s because.of change-IND


  • A cow is under no obligation to stay. - E. B. White
  • यु॓ने ग्यआ॓लु बो॓थ ने॥
  • ȝűne ɠa̋a̋lu bőþa ne⁝
ȝűn-e ɠa̋a̋l-u bőþ-a ne
cow-N.s stay-SUP be.obliged-IND not
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