Senjecas - The Golden Rule

Pronunciation table

peműko (labial)								riisűko (dental)								muitűko (alveolar)								vainűko (palatal)							ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ı	ɛ	y
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै ए पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural	ABL = ablative suffix	COL = collective	F = feminine	INT = intensive prefix	PRV = privative prefix	SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural	ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)	DES = desiderative	FRQ = frequentative	LAT = lative suffix	PST = past	TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person	ADV = adverb	DIM = diminutive	FUT = future	LOC = locative suffix	REV = reversive	VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)	AG = agent	ELIS = elision	IMP = imperative	M = masculine	Q = interrogative particle	YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)	AP = agent (active) participle	ELT = elative	INC = inchoative	OCC = occupation suffix	QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)	AUG = augmentative	EP = epenthesis	IND = indicative	PP = patient (past) participle	RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)	CAUS = causative	EQU = equative degree	INS = instrument	PRF = perfect	SBJ = subjunctive

Text

The Golden Rule

gil̨ono re̋e̋ȝo

गिल्यो॓नो रै॓यो

• English Text
• Devanāgari Text
• Senjecan Translation

Gloss

• What is hateful to you, do not do to your fellow man. That is the whole torah; all the rest is commentary. (Jewish, Hillel Talmud, Shabbat 31a, c. 110 B.C.- A.D.10)
• no—táo tús o þi̋xro e̋sa—eeflűs n̨arűs o kie̋ȝa mee: no őro þőro e̋sa: őro te̋m̃o fűɫra e̋sa:

n-o	tá-o	t-ús	o	þi̋xr-o	e̋s-a	eefl-űs	n̨ar-űs	o	ki-e̋ȝa	mee	n-o	őro-Ø	þőr-o	e̋s-a
that-N.s	which-N.s	2s-G	to	hateful-N.s	be-IND	fellow-G.s	loquent.being-G.s	to	do-SBJ	not	that-N.s	all-ABS	law-N.s	be-IND

őro-Ø	te̋m̃-o	fűɫr-a	e̋s-a
all-ABS	rest-N.s	commentary-N.s	be-IND

• I have broadened the rule from m̃ı̋ı̋ru, 'man' to n̨a̋ru, 'loquent being' to include the Six Peoples of Sefdaania.

• Πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ποιεῖτε αὐτοῖς· οὗτος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται.
• Therefore everything that you may want men to do to you, thus you do to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets. (Christian, Matthew 7:12, A.D. 80-90)
• sááru őrom—ȝa tu ɫe̋e̋la—ȝa n̨a̋rus tús o ki̋a—ítu eȝúm o kie̋ȝa—hi so þőrok̬e m̃a̋a̋þlusk̬e e̋sa:

sááru	őr-om	ȝa	t-u	ɫe̋e̋l-a	ȝa	n̨a̋r-us	t-ús	o	ki̋-a	ítu	eȝ-úm	o	ki-e̋ȝa
therefore	all-A.s	that	2s-N	wish-IND	that	loquent.being-N.p	2s-G	to	do-IND	thus	3-G.p	to	do-SBJ

hi	s-o	þőr-o=k̬e	m̃a̋a̋þ-l-us=k̬e	e̋s-a
for	this-N.s	law-N.s=and	prophesy-AG-N.p=and	be-IND

• Not one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself. (Muslim, 40 Hadith Nawawi, 1234-1277)
• ne ȝúm tévu őőlu e̋sa—sííri eȝu-żaműs éra nom—táom eȝu-miűs éra pı̋ı̋ra—pı̋ı̋ra:

ne	ȝ-úm	tév-u	őő-l-u	e̋s-a	sííri	eȝu=żam-űs	éra	n-om	tá-om	eȝu=mi-űs	éra	pı̋ı̋r-a	pı̋ı̋r-a
not	2p-G	one-N.s	believe-AG-N.s	be-IND	until	his=brother-G.s	for	that-A.s	which-A.s	his=self-G.s	for	desire-IND	desire-IND

• This is the sum of the Dharma: do naught unto others which would cause you pain if done to you. (Hindu, Mahabharata 5:1517, between the 3rd century B.C. and the 3rd century A.D.)
• so rizla̋s mőto e̋sa: néom anúm o kie̋ȝa—táo tum debı̋d̨a—ébi tús o kı̋aþo ile̋ȝa:

s-o	rizl-a̋s	mőt-o	e̋s-a	né-om	an-úm	o	ki-e̋ȝa	tá-o	t-um	deb-ı̋d̨-a	ébi	t-ús	o	kı̋-a-þ-o	il-e̋ȝa
this-N.s	Dharma-G.s	sum-N.s	be-IND	nothing-A.s	other-G.p	to	do-SBJ	which-N.s	2s-A	pain-TRZ-IND	if	2s-G	to	do-IND-PP-N.s	become-SBJ

• Comparing oneself to others in such terms as "Just as I am so are they, just as they are so am I," he should neither kill nor cause others to kill. (Buddhist, Sutta Nipata v. 705)
• anúm túȝa tevús mı̋um somı̋d̨antu da te̋e̋antu. m̃a ṡam̈óódi mu e̋sa. ítu éȝus e̋sa: ṡam̈óódi éȝus e̋sa. ítu mu e̋sa m̃ar. éȝu néda ka̋a̋da néda ánun kaad̨e̋tu ke̋la:

an-úm	túȝa	tev-ús	mı̋-um	som-ı̋d̨-a-nt-u	da	te̋e̋-a-nt-u	m̃a	ṡam.móódi	m-u	e̋s-a
other-G.p	to	one-G.s	self-A.s	compare-TRZ-IND-AP-N.s	and	say-IND-AP-N.s	QUOT	just.as	1s.N	be-IND

ítu	éȝ-us	e̋s-a	ṡam.móódi	éȝ-us	e̋s-a	ítu	m-u	e̋s-a	m̃ar
so	3-N.p	be-IND	just.as	3-N.p	be-IND	so	1s-N	be-IND	QUOT

éȝ-u	néda	ka̋a̋d-a	néda	án-un	kaad̨-e̋t-u	ke̋l-a
3-N.s	neither	kill-IND	nor	other-A.p	kill-CAUS-SUP	should-IND

• One going to take a pointed stick to pinch a baby bird should first try it on himself to see how it hurts. (Yoruba, Nigerian proverb)
• m̃ı̋pom ga̋antu bőődem pe̋þu tááda. móódi de̋ba tűnu tááda éȝu-mı̋um þúntu pe̋þu ke̋la:

m̃ı̋p-om	ga̋-a-nt-u	bőőd-em	pe̋þ-u	tááda
pointed.stick-A.s	take-IND-AP-N.s	chick-A.s	pinch-SUP	in.order.to

móódi	de̋b-a	tűn-u	tááda	éȝu=mı̋-um	þúnt=u	pe̋þ-u	ke̋l-a
how	hurt-IND	learn-SUP	in.order.to	his=self-A.s	first=ADV	pinch-SUP	should-IND

• The king asked, "Is there one word that can serve as a principle of conduct for life?" Confucius replied, "It is the word 'shu'—reciprocity. Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire." (Confucian, Analects 15:23, 551-470 B.C.)
• re̋e̋ƣu e-me̋ta: m̃a þűn sa̋m̃o—táo ǧı̋ı̋ra̋s tááda tinra̋s reeȝős ðééa kı̋u ma̋ƣa—vűűla me m̃ar: kɔ̋ɔ̋nṡu e-kı̋ra: m̃a sa̋m̃o 'shu'. andőőta. e̋sa: anúm éva nom—táom tu mı̋u pı̋ı̋ra ne—one̋ȝa ze m̃ar

re̋e̋ƣ-u	e=me̋t-a	m̃a	þűn	sa̋m̃-o	tá-o	ǧiir-a̋s	tááda	tinr-a̋s	reeȝ-ős	ðéé-a	kı̋-u	ma̋ƣ-a
king-N.s	PST=ask-IND	QUOT	one	word-N.s	which-N.s	life-G.s	for	conduct-G.s	principle-G.s	instead.of	do-SUP	be.able-IND

vűűl-a	me	m̃ar	kɔ̋ɔ̋nṡ-u	e=kı̋r-a	m̃a	sa̋m̃-o	'shu'	andőőt-a	e̋s-a
there.be-IND	Q	QUOT	Confucus-N.s	PST=reply-IND	QUOT	word-N.s	shu	reciprocity-N.s	be-IND

an-úm	éva	n-om	tá-om	t-u	mı̋-u	pı̋ı̋r-a	ne	on-e̋ȝa	ze	m̃ar
other-G.p	on	that-A.s	which-A.s	2s-N	self-N.s	desire-IND	not	impose-IND	not	QUOT

• The sage has no interest of his own, but takes the interests of the people as his own. He is kind to the kind; he is also kind to the unkind; for virtue is kind. (Taoist, Dao De Jing, Chapter 49)
• sa̋a̋ṡu pa̋to éȝu-e̋rom űða ne. de éȝu-patő sóma leuðűs e̋ron ga̋a: faṡűm o fa̋ṡu e̋sa: alfaṡűm o fa̋ṡu étu e̋sa—hi kı̋ı̋hta fa̋ṡa e̋sa:

sa̋a̋ṡ-u	pa̋to-Ø	éȝu=e̋r-om	űð-a	ne	de	éȝu=pat-ő-'	sóma	leuð-űs	e̋r-on	ga̋-a
sage-N.s	own-ABS	his=interest-A.s	has-IND	not	but	his=own-G.s-ELIS	as	people-G.s	interest-A.p	take-IND

faṡ-űm	o	fa̋ṡ-u	e̋s-a	al=faṡ-űm	o	fa̋ṡ-u	étu	e̋s-a	hi	kı̋ı̋ht-a	fa̋ṡ-a	e̋s-a
kind-G.p	to	kind-N.s	be-IND	PRV=kind-G.p	to	kind-N.s	also	be-IND	for	virtue-N.s	kind-N.s	be-IND

• Treat your inferiors as you would be treated by your superiors. (Stoic, Seneca, c. 54 B.C. – c. A.D. 39)
• tu-ne̋run sepe̋ȝa—móódi tu reeðűm kía se̋paþu ı̋lu m̃e̋ṡa:

tu=ne̋r-un	sep-e̋ȝa	móódi	t-u	reeð-űm	kía	se̋p-a-þ-u	ı̋l-u	m̃e̋ṡ-a
your=inferior-A.p	treat-SBJ	as	2s-N	superior-G.p	by	treat-IND-PP-N.s	become-SUP	want-IND

• Do not wrong or hate your neighbor. For it is not he whom you wrong, but yourself. (Native American, Pima proverb)
• tu-ha̋usumĕ mune̋ȝam̃e þi̋xe̋ȝam̃e mee—hi éȝu—túumĕ műna—e̋sa ne. de tu-mı̋um⁝

tu=ha̋us-um-ĕ	mun-e̋ȝa=m̃e	þix-e̋ȝa=m̃e	mee	hi	éȝ-u	tú-um-ĕ	műn-a	e̋s-a	ne	de	tu=mı̋-um
your=neighbor-A.s-EP	wrong-SBJ=or	hate-SBJ=or	not	for	3-N.s	2.s-A-EP	wrong-IND	be-IND	not	but	your=self-A.s