Senjecas - Georgian: Difference between revisions
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==Pronunciation table== | ==Pronunciation table== | ||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width: | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1100px;" | ||
! colspan="6" | <center>peműko<br>(labial)</center> | ! colspan="6" | <center>पेमु॓को<br>peműko<br>(labial)</center> | ||
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! colspan="6" | riisűko<br>(dental) | ! colspan="6" | रीसु॓कॊ<br>riisűko<br>(dental) | ||
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! colspan="6" | muitűko<br>(alveolar) | ! colspan="6" | मुइतु॓को<br>muitűko<br>(alveolar) | ||
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| | | | ||
! colspan="6-" | vainűko<br>(palatal) | ! colspan="6-" | भइनु॓को<br>vainűko<br>(palatal) | ||
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| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
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! colspan="6" | ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels) | ! colspan="6" | च्युस्वे॓नोस् <br>ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels with प) | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! colspan="3" | nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels) | !colspan="3" | नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस् <br>nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos''' <br>(weak vowels) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<center>p</center> | ! <center>p</center> | ||
!b | ! b | ||
!f | ! f | ||
!v | ! v | ||
!m̃ | ! m̃ | ||
!m | ! m | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
!t | ! t | ||
!d | ! d | ||
!þ | ! þ | ||
!ð | ! ð | ||
!ɫ | ! ɫ | ||
!l | ! l | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
!ṡ | ! ṡ | ||
!ż | ! ż | ||
!s | ! s | ||
!z | ! z | ||
!r | ! r | ||
!n | ! n | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
!k | ! k | ||
!g | ! g | ||
!x | ! x | ||
![[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]] | ! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]] | ||
!h | ! h | ||
![[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]] | ! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]] | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! | ! t̬ | ||
! | ! t̨ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
!i | ! i | ||
!e | ! e | ||
!a | ! a | ||
! | ! ɔ | ||
!o | ! o | ||
!u | ! u | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
!ĭ | ! ĭ | ||
!ĕ | ! ĕ | ||
!ŭ | ! ŭ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|/p/ | ! <center>प</center> | ||
|/b/ | ! ब | ||
|/ɸ/ | ! फ | ||
|/β/ | ! भ | ||
|/m̥/ | ! म़ | ||
|/m/ | ! म | ||
| | |||
| | |||
! त | |||
! द | |||
! थ | |||
! ध | |||
! ल़ | |||
! ल | |||
| | |||
| | |||
! च | |||
! ज | |||
! स | |||
! स़ | |||
! र | |||
! न | |||
| | |||
| | |||
! क | |||
! ग | |||
! क़ | |||
! ग़ | |||
! ह | |||
! य | |||
| | |||
| | |||
! त्व | |||
! त्य | |||
| | |||
| | |||
! इ ई<br><br>पि पी | |||
! ए एै<br><br>पे पै | |||
! अ आ<br><br>प पा | |||
! ऒ ॵ<br><br>पॊ पॏ | |||
! ओ औ<br><br>पो पौ | |||
! उ ऊ<br><br>पु पू | |||
| | |||
| | |||
! तं | |||
! तऺ | |||
! तॅ | |||
|- | |||
| /p/ | |||
| /b/ | |||
| /ɸ/ | |||
| /β/ | |||
| /m̥/ | |||
| /m/ | |||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/t/ | | /t/ | ||
|/d/ | | /d/ | ||
|/θ/ | | /θ/ | ||
|/ð/ | | /ð/ | ||
|/l̥/ | | /l̥/ | ||
|/l/ | | /l/ | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/ʦ/ | | /ʦ/ | ||
|/ʣ/ | | /ʣ/ | ||
|/s/ | | /s/ | ||
|/z/ | | /z/ | ||
|/ɾ̥/ | | /ɾ̥/ | ||
|/n/ | | /n/ | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/k/ | | /k/ | ||
|/g/ | | /g/ | ||
|/ç/ | | /ç/ | ||
|/ʝ/ | | /ʝ/ | ||
|/j̊/ | | /j̊/ | ||
|/j/ | | /j/ | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/ | | /tʷ/ | ||
|/ | | /tʲ/ | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/i/ | | /i/ | ||
|/e/ | | /e/ | ||
|/ä/ | | /ä/ | ||
|/ɒ/ | | /ɒ/ | ||
|/o/ | | /o/ | ||
|/u/ | | /u/ | ||
! | ! | ||
! | ! | ||
|/ɪ/ | | /ɪ/ | ||
|/ɛ/ | | /ɛ/ | ||
|/ʊ/ | | /ʊ/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 11:06, 24 August 2023
Pronunciation table
peműko (labial) |
रीसु॓कॊ riisűko (dental) |
मुइतु॓को muitűko (alveolar) |
भइनु॓को vainűko (palatal) |
च्युस्वे॓नोस् ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प) |
नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस् nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | t̬ | t̨ | i | e | a | ɔ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | |||||||||||||
| ब | फ | भ | म़ | म | त | द | थ | ध | ल़ | ल | च | ज | स | स़ | र | न | क | ग | क़ | ग़ | ह | य | त्व | त्य | इ ई पि पी |
ए एै पे पै |
अ आ प पा |
ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ |
ओ औ पो पौ |
उ ऊ पु पू |
तं | तऺ | तॅ | |||||||||||||
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /tʷ/ | /tʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ | ||||||||||||
Consonants
| peműko (labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | voiceless | p | პ | t | ტ | ṡ | წ | k | კ | |||
| voiced | b | ბ | d | დ | ż | ძ | g | გ | ||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f | ჶ 1 | þ | თ | s | ს | x | ხ | |||
| voiced | v | ვ | ð | ჴ 3 | z | ზ | ƣ | ღ | ||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | m̃ | ჳ 2 | ɫ | ჸ 4 | r | რ | h | ჰ | |||
| voiced | m | მ | l | ლ | n | ნ | ȝ | ჲ 5 | ||||
| Labialization | sʷ | სჿ 6 | ||||||||||
| Palatalization | sʲ | სჾ 7 | ||||||||||
Notes
- 1 The Svan <ჶ> /f/ (fi) represents /ɸ/.
- 2 The Svan <ჳ> /v/ (vie) (originally /w/) represents /m̥/.
- 3 The obsolete consonant <ჴ> /q⁽ʰ⁾/ (hari) represents /ð/.
- 4 The obsolete consonant <ჸ> /ʔ/ (elifi) represents /l̥/.
- 5 The Svan <ჲ> /je/ (hie) (also called 'yota') represents /j/.
- 6 The labial sign <ჿ> was used in Abkhaz for labialization of the preceding consonant.
- 7 The hard sign <ჾ>, used in Abkhaz for velarization of the preceding consonant, now indicates palatalization.
Vowels
| front | near-front | center | near-back | back | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |||||||
| close | i ი |
ii იი |
u უ |
uu უუ | ||||||||
| near-close | ĭ ჱ 1 |
ŭ ჽ 3 |
||||||||||
| close-mid | e ე |
ee ეე |
o ჵ 4 |
oo ჵჵ | ||||||||
| mid | ĕ ჷ 2 |
|||||||||||
| open | a ა |
aa აა |
ɔ ო |
ɔɔ ოო | ||||||||
Notes
- 1 The obsolete consonant ჱ (he) /h/ represents the weak vowel /ɪ/.
- 2 The Svan vowel <ჷ> (yn) /ə/ represents the weak vowel /ə/.
- 3 The obsolete Ossetian vowel <ჽ> (aen) /ə/ represents the weak vowel /ŭ/.
- 4 The obsolete letter <ჵ> (hoe) /ō/ is assigned the value of /o/.
Pangram
- The doubtful barn owl has flitted away, so the slowest birch mouse nimbly eats its expensive cheese on a cushion.
- bűxe tűþe ápu ṡĭṡı̋ı̋ƣa. náru zaþős éna gŭǧɔ̋de alı̋ke sáɫhĕvi m̃űso eȝe-tűűrom że̋fa:
- ბუხე ტუთე აპუ წჱწიიღა. ნარუ ზათჵს ეnა გჽგჿოდე ალინე საჸჰჷვი ჳუსჵ ეჲე-ტუურჵმ ძეჶა:
