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==Table of Phonemes==
==Table of Phonemes==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1600px;"
! MOA
! colspan="3" | nasals
|
! colspan="7" | stops
|
! colspan="3" | sibilants
|
! colspan="8" | fricatives
|
! colspan="3" | approximants
|
! colspan="1" | tap
|
! colspan="1" | affricate
|
! colspan="6" | vowels
|-
! IPA
! IPA
! /h/
| /m/
! /χ/
| /n/
! /ɣ/
| /ŋ/
! /w/
!
! /o/
| /p/
! /u/
| /b/
! /k/
| /t/
! /g/
| /d/
! /ŋ/
| /k/
! /t/
| /g/
! /d/
| /ʔ/
! /θ/
!
! /ð/
| /s/
! /p/
| /z/
! /b/
| /ʃ/
! /ɸ/
!
! /β/
| /ɸ/
! /s/
| /β/
! /z/
| /θ/
! /j/
| /ð/
! /i/
| /χ/
! /e/
| /ɣ/
! /ɛ/
| /h/
! /ä/
| /ɬ/
! /n/
!
! /m/
| /w/
! /l/
| /j/
! /ɾ/
| /l/
! /ʔ/
!
| /ɾ/
!
| /ʦ/
!
| /i/
| /ɪ/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /o/
| /u/
|-
|-
! Latin
! Latin
| H h
| M m
| ḳ
| N n
| ġ
| Ŋ ŋ
| W w
!
| O o
| P p
| U u
| B b
| T t
| D d
| K k
| K k
| G g
| G g
| Ń ń
| ʻ
| T t
!
| D d
| S s
| ṭ
| Z z
| ḍ
| Š š
| P p
!
| B b
| ṗ
| ṗ
| ḃ
| ḃ
| S s
| ṫ
| Z z
| ḋ
| ḳ
| ġ
| H h
| y
!
| W w
| Y y
| Y y
| L l
!
| R r
!
| Ś ś
!
| I i
| I i
| ı
| E e
| E e
| ė
| A a
| A a
| N n
| O o
| M m
| U u
| L l
| R r
| ʻ
|-
|-
! Arabic
! Arabic
| {{Color|red|ح}}<br>1
| م
| خ
| ن
| ݗ
| {{Color|red|و}}<br>2
| ۉ
| ۆ
| {{Color|red|ک}}<br>3
| ݢ
| گ
| گ
| {{Color|red|ط}}<br>4
!
| {{Color|blue|ٮ}}<br>1
| ﺏ
| {{Color|blue|ط}}<br>2
| ظ
| ظ
| {{Color|blue|ک}}<br>3
| ݢ
| {{Color|blue|ع}}<br>4
!
| {{Color|blue|ص}}<br>5
| ض
| ڝ
!
| ٺ
| ٻ
| د  
| د  
| ذ
| ذ
| {{Color|red|ٮ}}<br>5
| ٯ
| ﺏ
| ڧ
| ڡ
| {{Color|blue|ح}}<br>6
| ڢ
| ݪ
| {{Color|red|ص}}<br>6
!
| ض
| {{Color|blue|و}}<br>7
| ی
| ي
| ي
| {{Color|red|ه}}<br>7
| {{Color|blue|ل}}<br>8
|  
!
| ر
!
| ج
!
| ی 
|
| ه
| ا
| ا
| ن
| ۉ
| م
| ۆ
| {{Color|red|ل}}<br>8
| ر
| ع
|-
|-
! Name
! Name
| Ha<br>حا
| Mi<br>مى
| Ḳa<br>خا
| Ne<br>نه
| Ġa<br>ݗا
| Ŋo<br>گۉ
| Wa<br>وا
!
| Wo<br>وۉ
| Pi<br>ٮى
| Wu<br>وۆ
| Bi<br>بى
| Kaf<br>کاڡ
| Te<br>طه
| Gaf<br>ݢاڡ
| De<br>ظه
| Ńaf<br>گاڡ
| Ko<br>کۉ
| Tal<br>طال
| Go<br>ݢۉ
| Dal<br>ظال
| ʻu<br>عۆ
| Ṭal<br>رال
!
| Ḍal<br>زال
| Sa<br>صا
| Pa<br>ٮا
| Za<br>ضا
| Ba<br>با
| Ša<br>ڝا
| Ṗa<br>ڡا
!
| Ḃa<br>ڢا
| Ṗi<br>ٺى
| Sad<br>صاط
| Ḃi<br>ٻى
| Zad<br>ضاط
| Ṫe<br>ده
| Ya<br>ىا
| Ḋe<br>ذه
| Yi<br>ىي
| Ḳo<br>ٯۉ
| Ye<br>ىه
| Ġo<br>ڧۉ
| Yė<br>ىٰ
| Hu<br>حۆ
| Alif<br>ا
| Ḷe<br>ݪه
| Nun<br>نۆن
!
| Mim<br>ميم
| Wi<br>وى
| Lam<br>لام
| Yo<br>ىۉ
| Ram<br>رام
| Le<br>له
| ʻam<br>عام
!
| Ra<br>را
!
| Śa<br>جا
!
| i<br>ى
| ı
| e<br>ه
| a<br>ا
| o<br>ۉ
| u<br>ۆ
|}
|}


==S==
==S==
{|
{|
|
|
*salt, '''lekol'''.
*salt, '''nariŋ'''.
*same, ''adj.'' '''goled'''.
*say, ''vb.'' '''anal'''.
*satisfy, ''v.'' '''apag'''.
*season, '''humiʻ'''.
:*satifaction, '''ipug'''.
*see, ''vb.'' '''lahaʻ'''.
*say, ''v.'' '''alap'''.
*seven, '''śagiŋ'''.
*seawater, '''tutal'''.
*sew, ''vb.'' '''pakal'''.
*see, ''v.'' '''pasad'''.
*sharp, ''adj.'' '''ŋibob'''.
:*sight (''something seen''), '''pisod'''.
*she, ''prn.'' '''ewi'''.
*sentiment, '''puben'''.
*set, ''v.'' '''nagas'''.
*seven, '''yim'''.
*sew, ''v.'' '''ńaʻap'''.
*shake, ''v.'' '''masar'''.
*sharp, ''adj.'' '''dag'''.
*she, ''prn.'' '''(min)es'''.
*shine, ''v.'' '''wapay'''.
||
||
*shirt, '''zokez'''.
*shine, ''vb.'' '''salaŋ'''.
*shoe, '''mosuk'''.
*shirt, '''ŋoriš'''.
*short, ''adj.'' '''yizup'''.
*shoe, '''mihur'''.
:*shorten, ''v.'' '''yazap'''.
*short, ''adj.'' '''tišol'''.
*sick, ''adj.'' '''doked'''.
*sick, ''adj.'' '''ŋuraʻ'''.
*side, '''zag'''.
*side, '''šib'''.
*sing, ''v.'' '''bamat'''.
*similar, ''adj.'' '''bunaʻ'''.
*sink, ''v.'' '''bańan'''.
*sing, ''vb.'' '''śawal'''.
*sister, '''minsad'''.
*sit (down), ''v.'' '''tanar'''.
*six, '''ser'''.
*size, '''sa bigak'''.
*sleep, ''v.'' '''namal'''.
*small, ''adj.'' '''yińum'''.
*smell, ''v.'' '''dapay'''.
|||
|||
*smile,'''yatay'''.
*sink, ''vb.'' '''dapaz'''.
:*smile, '''yitoy'''.
*sister, '''iŋup'''.
*smoke, '''sonim'''.
*sit (down), ''vb.'' '''waśag'''.
:*smokehouse, '''sonim rutiń'''.
*six, '''śeśiŋ'''.
*smooth, ''adj.'' '''dokam'''.
*sleep, ''vb.'' '''waśam'''.
*some, ''det.'' '''risag'''.
*small, ''adj.'' '''tipim'''.
*son, '''tėtikag'''.
*smell, ''vb.'' '''lawaʻ'''.
*soul, '''moʻun'''.
*smile, '''ŋawat'''.
*sound, ''v.'' '''amak'''.
:*sound, '''iyok'''.
*soup, '''lipay'''.
*speak, ''v.'' '''garap'''.
:*speech, '''girop'''.
*spear, ''v.'' '''yaman'''.
:*spear, '''yimon'''.
||||
||||
*spit,''v.'' '''tapań'''.
*smoke, '''hiśim'''.
*split, ''v.'' '''dakak'''.
*smooth, ''adj.'' '''ŋirut'''.
*spouse, '''wohib'''.
*some, ''det.'' '''tušip'''.
*spring, '''orań'''.
*son, '''gam'''.
*squeeze, ''v.'' '''sanap'''.
*soul, '''meśim'''.
*stab, ''v.'' '''ńasam'''.
*sound, '''šurer'''.
*stand (up), ''v.'' '''salag'''.
*speak, ''vb.'' '''bagal'''.
*star, '''yudur'''.
*spear, '''tebum'''.
*stay, '''manap'''.
*steep,'''ʻatay'''.
*stick, '''loyek'''.
*sting, ''v.''  '''sakaz'''.
*stone, '''erim'''.
*store, ''v.'' '''yamań'''.
*story, '''nuʻep'''.
|||||
|||||
*straight, ''adj.'' '''tinip'''.
*spouse, '''siyud'''.
*strike, ''v.'' '''dayań'''.
*spring, '''igen'''.
*strong, ''adj.'' '''yoday'''.
*stand (up), ''vb.'' '''hanab'''.
:* strengthen, ''v.'' '''yaday'''.
*star, '''tugiŋ'''.
*suck, ''v.'' '''lazaz'''.
*stay, '''śal'''.
*summer, '''yotez'''.
*stone, '''agom'''.
*sun, '''nulen'''.
*straight, ''adj.'' '''yišul'''.
*supper, '''epir uruk'''.
*strong, ''adj.'' '''ŋisut'''.
*swear, ''v.'' '''naraʻ'''.
||||||
*swell, ''v.'' '''arar'''.
*summer, '''tiweš'''.
*swim, ''v.'' '''nadad'''.
*sun, '''niŋu'''.
*symbol, '''noluń'''.
*supper, '''hiśuŋ'''.
*system, '''nińad'''.
*swim, ''vb.'' '''zaŋaʻ'''.
|}
|}


==T==
==T==
{|
{|
|
|
*tear, ''v.'' '''latay'''.
*tell, ''vb.'' '''anal'''.
*tell, ''v.'' '''alap'''.
*than, ''cnj.'' '''nam'''.
*than, ''cnj.'' '''lin'''.
*that, ''det.'' '''bet'''.
*that, ''det.'' '''dad'''.
*the, ''det.'' '''ʻi'''.
*thatch, '''noney'''.
*then, ''adv.'' '''is'''.
*the, ''det.'' '''su, sa, se'''.
*then, ''adv.'' '''ayap'''.
*there, ''adv.'' '''nam'''.
||
||
*there is/are, ''v.'' '''atan'''.
*there, ''adv.'' '''śin'''.
*they, ''prn.'' '''eser/eter'''.
*there is/are, ''vb.'' '''waś'''.
*thick, ''adj.'' '''serid'''.
*they, ''prn.'' '''oyir''', '''ewir''', '''sar'''.
*thick (''viscous''), ''adj.'' '''bikaw'''.
*thick, ''adj.'' '''higaʻ'''.
*thin, ''adj.'' '''gay'''.
*thick (''viscous''), ''adj.'' '''dires'''.
*thing, '''gurep'''.
*think, ''v,'' '''danar'''.
:*thought, '''dinor'''.
|||
|||
*this, ''det.'' '''wed'''.
*thin, ''adj.'' '''bit'''.
*three, '''kub'''.
*thing, '''ŋiduʻ'''.
*throw, ''v.'' '''dasaʻ'''.
*think, ''vb.'' '''ŋaśag'''.
*tie, ''v.'' '''yanap'''.
*thirst, ''vb.'' '''šanaʻ'''.
*time, '''wilam'''.
*this, ''det.'' '''saʻ'''.
*tisane, '''ʻitoy'''.
*today, ''adv.'' '''wednulen'''.
*together, ''adv.'' '''toler'''.
||||
||||
*tomorrow, ''adv.'' '''oyinulen'''.
*three, '''śiruś'''.
:*day after tomorrow, ''adv.'' '''oyoyinulen'''.
*throw, ''vb.'' '''salat'''.
*tool, '''yik'''.
*tie, ''vb.'' '''lagap'''.
*top, '''yomel'''.
*time, '''sunem'''.
*touch, ''v.'' '''mabas'''.
*today, ''adv.'' '''woni'''.
*tower, '''ripub'''.
*trail, '''nurek'''.
*travel, ''v.'' '''manas'''.
|||||
|||||
*tree, '''ikam'''.
*together, ''adv.'' '''wiŋob'''.
*trousers, '''homen'''.
*tomorrow, ''adv.'' '''niŋul'''.
*true, ''adj.'' '''mubam'''.
*tool, '''tureʻ'''.
*tube, '''linup'''.
*touch, ''vb.'' '''madah'''.
*turn, ''v.'' '''daʻad'''.
*travel, ''vb.'' '''mazah'''.
*two, '''wan'''.
||||||
*tree, '''haš'''.
*trousers, '''zelir'''.
*true, ''adj.'' '''miŋum'''.
*turn, ''vb.'' '''habal'''.
*two, '''śiwen'''.
|}
|}


==U==
==U==
{|
{|
|
|
*umbrella, '''tagluwek'''.
*up, ''adv.'' '''niŋi'''.
*up, ''adv.'' '''las'''.
|}
|}


==V==
==V==
{|
{|
|
|
*very, ''adv.'' '''lun'''.
*very, ''adv.'' '''naʻub'''.
*village, '''yiʻup'''.
||
*vomit, ''v.'' '''dayat'''.
*village, '''tukil'''.
|||
*visit, ''vb.'' '''gatal'''.
||||
*vomit, ''vb.'' '''tawaʻ'''.
|}
|}


==W==
==W==
{|
{|
|
|
*walk, ''v.'' '''dakad'''.
*walk, ''vb.'' '''naśaʻ'''.
*want, ''v.'' '''pazad'''.
*want, ''vb.'' '''lašaʻ'''.
*warm, ''adj.'' '''delol'''.
*warm, ''adj.'' '''nineŋ'''.
*wash, ''v.'' '''nańaʻ'''.
*wash, ''vb.'' '''tagaz'''.
*water (''fresh''), '''lutol'''.
||
||
*we, ''prn.'' '''emer'''.
*water (''fresh''), '''niwen'''.
*weave, ''v.'' '''manat'''.
*we, ''prn.'' '''imir'''.
*west, '''sipar'''.
*weave, ''vb.'' '''mazad'''.
*wet, ''adj.'' '''pońer'''.
*west, '''gaʻol'''.
*when, ''intrg. adv.'' '''lań'''.
|||
|||
*where, ''intrg. adv.'' '''eʻo'''.
*wet, ''adj.'' '''lipug'''.
*whirl, ''v.'' '''narar'''.
*what, ''prn.'' '''niʻ'''.
*white, ''adj.'' '''kuruz'''.
*when, ''adv.'' '''nipe'''.
*who, ''intrg. prn.'' '''la'''.
*where, ''adv.'' '''miwe'''.
*wide, ''adj.'' '''pidar'''.
||||
||||
:*width, '''pidur'''.
*which, ''prn.'' '''asaʻ'''.
*wife, '''(min)wohib'''.
*white, ''adj.'' '''rigim'''.
*winter, '''yopuʻ'''.
*who, ''prn.'' '''nemi'''.
*wipe, ''v.'' '''mabar'''.
*why, ''adv.'' '''rini'''.
*woman, '''min'''.
|||||
|||||
*wood, '''yopen'''.
*wide, ''adj.'' '''liŋop'''.
*word, '''likad'''.
*wife, '''sudiʻ'''
*world, '''sokel'''.
*winter, '''ŋulak'''.
*write, ''v.'' '''wańar'''.
*woman, '''eśiʻ'''.
||||||
*wood, '''ŋiśug'''.
*word, '''neriʻ'''.
*world, '''nuriŋ'''.
*write, ''vb.'' '''tapag'''.
|}
|}


==X==
==X==


==Y==
==Y==
{|
{|
|
|
*year, '''nemim'''.
*year, '''śimuʻ'''.
*yellow, '''zudar'''.
*yellow, '''šiʻug'''.
||
||
*yesterday, ''adv.'' '''aranulen'''.
*yes, '''miŋ'''.
:*day before yesterday, ''adv.'' '''araranulen'''.
*yesterday, ''adv.'' '''panur'''.
||
|||
*you (''sg.''), ''prn.'' '''eń'''.
:*day before yesterday, ''adv.'' '''śerun'''.
*you (''pl.''), ''prn.'' '''eńer'''.
*you (''sg.''), ''prn.'' '''ik'''.
||
||||
*young, '''zuʻip'''.
*you (''pl.''), ''prn.'' '''ikir'''.
*young, '''šihel'''.
|}
|}


==Z==
==Z==

Latest revision as of 12:15, 26 June 2023

Table of Phonemes

MOA nasals stops sibilants fricatives approximants tap affricate vowels
IPA /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /ʔ/ /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ɸ/ /β/ /θ/ /ð/ /χ/ /ɣ/ /h/ /ɬ/ /w/ /j/ /l/ /ɾ/ /ʦ/ /i/ /ɪ/ /e/ /ä/ /o/ /u/
Latin M m N n Ŋ ŋ P p B b T t D d K k G g ʻ S s Z z Š š ṗ ḃ ṫ ḋ ḳ ġ H h y W w Y y L l R r Ś ś I i ı E e A a O o U u
Arabic م ن گ ٮ
1 		ﺏ ط
2 		ظ ک
3 		ݢ ع
4 		ص
5 		ض ڝ ٺ ٻ د ذ ٯ ڧ ح
6 		ݪ و
7 		ي ل
8 		ر ج ی ه ا ۉ ۆ
Name Mi
مى 		Ne
نه 		Ŋo
گۉ 		Pi
ٮى 		Bi
بى 		Te
طه 		De
ظه 		Ko
کۉ 		Go
ݢۉ 		ʻu
عۆ 		Sa
صا 		Za
ضا 		Ša
ڝا 		Ṗi
ٺى 		Ḃi
ٻى 		Ṫe
ده 		Ḋe
ذه 		Ḳo
ٯۉ 		Ġo
ڧۉ 		Hu
حۆ 		Ḷe
ݪه 		Wi
وى 		Yo
ىۉ 		Le
له 		Ra
را 		Śa
جا 		i
ى 		ı e
ه 		a
ا 		o
ۉ 		u
ۆ


S

  • salt, nariŋ.
  • say, vb. anal.
  • season, humiʻ.
  • see, vb. lahaʻ.
  • seven, śagiŋ.
  • sew, vb. pakal.
  • sharp, adj. ŋibob.
  • she, prn. ewi.
  • shine, vb. salaŋ.
  • shirt, ŋoriš.
  • shoe, mihur.
  • short, adj. tišol.
  • sick, adj. ŋuraʻ.
  • side, šib.
  • similar, adj. bunaʻ.
  • sing, vb. śawal.
  • sink, vb. dapaz.
  • sister, iŋup.
  • sit (down), vb. waśag.
  • six, śeśiŋ.
  • sleep, vb. waśam.
  • small, adj. tipim.
  • smell, vb. lawaʻ.
  • smile, ŋawat.
  • smoke, hiśim.
  • smooth, adj. ŋirut.
  • some, det. tušip.
  • son, gam.
  • soul, meśim.
  • sound, šurer.
  • speak, vb. bagal.
  • spear, tebum.
  • spouse, siyud.
  • spring, igen.
  • stand (up), vb. hanab.
  • star, tugiŋ.
  • stay, śal.
  • stone, agom.
  • straight, adj. yišul.
  • strong, adj. ŋisut.
  • summer, tiweš.
  • sun, niŋu.
  • supper, hiśuŋ.
  • swim, vb. zaŋaʻ.

T

  • tell, vb. anal.
  • than, cnj. nam.
  • that, det. bet.
  • the, det. ʻi.
  • then, adv. is.
  • there, adv. śin.
  • there is/are, vb. waś.
  • they, prn. oyir, ewir, sar.
  • thick, adj. higaʻ.
  • thick (viscous), adj. dires.
  • thin, adj. bit.
  • thing, ŋiduʻ.
  • think, vb. ŋaśag.
  • thirst, vb. šanaʻ.
  • this, det. saʻ.
  • three, śiruś.
  • throw, vb. salat.
  • tie, vb. lagap.
  • time, sunem.
  • today, adv. woni.
  • together, adv. wiŋob.
  • tomorrow, adv. niŋul.
  • tool, tureʻ.
  • touch, vb. madah.
  • travel, vb. mazah.
  • tree, haš.
  • trousers, zelir.
  • true, adj. miŋum.
  • turn, vb. habal.
  • two, śiwen.

U

  • up, adv. niŋi.

V

  • very, adv. naʻub.
  • village, tukil.
  • visit, vb. gatal.
  • vomit, vb. tawaʻ.

W

  • walk, vb. naśaʻ.
  • want, vb. lašaʻ.
  • warm, adj. nineŋ.
  • wash, vb. tagaz.
  • water (fresh), niwen.
  • we, prn. imir.
  • weave, vb. mazad.
  • west, gaʻol.
  • wet, adj. lipug.
  • what, prn. niʻ.
  • when, adv. nipe.
  • where, adv. miwe.
  • which, prn. asaʻ.
  • white, adj. rigim.
  • who, prn. nemi.
  • why, adv. rini.
  • wide, adj. liŋop.
  • wife, sudiʻ
  • winter, ŋulak.
  • woman, eśiʻ.
  • wood, ŋiśug.
  • word, neriʻ.
  • world, nuriŋ.
  • write, vb. tapag.

X

Y

  • year, śimuʻ.
  • yellow, šiʻug.
  • yes, miŋ.
  • yesterday, adv. panur.
  • day before yesterday, adv. śerun.
  • you (sg.), prn. ik.
  • you (pl.), prn. ikir.
  • young, šihel.

Z

Liwadi: English-Liwadi a-f

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