Limli: Phonology: Difference between revisions

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==Table of Phonemes==
==Table of Phonemes==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1300px;"
! POA
! MOA
! colspan="4" | <center>labial</center>
! colspan="3" | nasals
|
! colspan="3" | dental
|
! colspan="1" | alveolar
|
|
! colspan="4" | palatal
! colspan="3" | stops
|
|
! colspan="1" | glottal
! colspan="4" | fricatives
|
|
! colspan="3" | approximants
|
|
! colspan="5" | vowels
! colspan="5" | vowels
|-
|-
! IPA
! IPA
| <center>/m/</center>
| <center>/m/</center>  
| /φ/
| /n/
| /β/
| /ŋ/
| /w/
!
!
| /n/
| /t/
| /t/
| /l/
| /k/ 
| /g/
!
!
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /s/
| /s/
| /h/
!
!
| /ŋ/
| /w/
| /k/
| /ɣ/
| /j/
| /j/
!
| /l/
| /h/
!
!
!
| /ä/
| /ä/
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| /u/
| /u/
| /i/
| /i/
|-
! Hangul
| ㅁ
| ㄴ
| ㄲ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
!
| ㅌ
| ㄱ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| ㅋ <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
!
| ㅍ <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| ㅂ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ㅅ
| ㅎ
!
| <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| ㄹ
| <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
!
| 아
| 에
| 오
| 우
| 이
|-
|-
! Latin
! Latin
| <center>m</center>
| m
| f
| n
| v
| ŋ
| w
!
!
| n
| t
| t
| l
| k 
| g
!
!
| f
| v
| s
| s
| h
!
!
| ń
| w
| k
| l
| ǵ
| y
| y
!
| h
!
!
!
| a
| a
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| u
| u
| i
| i
|-
! Hangul
| ㅁ
| ㅍ <sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
| ㅂ <sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
!
| ㄴ
| ㄷ
| ㄹ
!
| ㅅ
!
| ㄲ <sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
| ㄱ <sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup>
| ㅋ <sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup>
| <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup>
!
| ㅎ
!
!
| 아
| 에
| 오
| 우
| 이
|-
|-
! Name
! Name
| Mi<br>미
| Mi<br>미
| Fi<br>피
| Ni<br>니
| Vi<br>비
| Ńi<br>끼
| Wi<br>위
!
!
| Ni<br>니
| Ti<br>디
| Ti<br>디
| Li<br>리
!
| Si<br>시
!
| Ńi<br>끼
| Ki<br>기
| Ki<br>기
| Ǵi<br>키
| Ǵi<br>키
| Yi<br>의
!
!
| Fi<br>피
| Vi<br>비
| Si<br>시
| Hi<br>히
| Hi<br>히
!
!
| Wi<br>위
| Li<br>리
| Yi<br>의
!
!
| a<br>아
| a<br>아
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===Notes===
===Notes===
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The jamo ''Pieup'' <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The jamo ''Ssanggiyeok'' <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The jamo ''Bieup'' <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> The jamo ''Giyeok'' <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The compound vowels are used for <w>, ''e.g.'', '''ㅘ''', wa.
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> The jamo ''Kieuk'' <ㅋ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiced palatal fricative /ɣ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The jamo ''Ssanggiyeok'' <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/ as the onset.
*<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> The jamo ''Pieup'' <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The jamo ''Giyeok'' <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> The jamo ''Bieup'' <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The jamo ''Kieuk'' <ㅋ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiced palatal fricative /ɣ/.
*<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> The compound vowels are used for <w>, ''e.g.'', '''ㅘ''', wa.
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> The iotified vowels are used for <y>, ''e.g.'', '''요''', yo.
*<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> The iotified vowels are used for <y>, ''e.g.'', '''요''', yo.


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==Alphabet ==
==Alphabet ==
*The Limli language has 17 [[Wikipedia:Phoneme|phonemes]].
*The Limli language has 18 [[Wikipedia:Phoneme|phonemes]].
*As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the [[Wikipedia:Hangul|Hangul]].
*As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the [[Wikipedia:Hangul|Hangul]].
*The alphabetic order is the [[Wikipedia:Hangul#Alphabetic order|''ganada'']] order of 1446. I have transliterated them into the Latin alphabet for this study.
*The letters are ordered according to their Manner of Articulation.
*The consonants are <k> ㄱ; <ń> ㄲ; <ǵ> ㅋ; <t> ㄷ; <n> ㄴ; <v> ㅂ; <f> ㅍ; <m> ㅁ; <nowiki><s></nowiki> ㅅ; <h> ㅎ; <l> ㄹ; <w> and <y>.
*The consonants are <m> ㅁ; <n> ㄴ; <ń> ㄲ; <t> ㄷ; <k> ㄱ; <ǵ> ㅋ; <v> ㅂ; <f> ㅍ; <nowiki><s></nowiki> ㅅ; <h> ㅎ; <w>; <l> ㄹ and <y>.
*The vowel inventory consists of <a> ㅏ;  <e> ㅔ;  <o> ㅗ ; <nowiki><u></nowiki> ㅜ and <nowiki><i></nowiki> ㅣ.
*The vowel inventory consists of <a> ㅏ;  <e> ㅔ;  <o> ㅗ ; <nowiki><u></nowiki> ㅜ and <nowiki><i></nowiki> ㅣ.




[[Limli: Syntax]]
[[Limli: Syntax]]

Revision as of 14:58, 30 March 2023

Table of Phonemes

MOA nasals stops fricatives approximants vowels
IPA
/m/
 /n/ /ŋ/ /t/ /k/ /g/ /ɸ/ /β/ /s/ /h/ /w/ /j/ /l/ /ä/ /e/ /o/ /u/ /i/
Hangul ㅁ ㄴ ㄲ 1 ㅌ ㄱ 2 ㅋ 3 ㅍ 4 ㅂ 5 ㅅ ㅎ 6 ㄹ 7 아 에 오 우 이
Latin m n ŋ t k g f v s h w l y a e o u i
Name Mi
미 		Ni
니 		Ńi
끼 		Ti
디 		Ki
기 		Ǵi
키 		Fi
피 		Vi
비 		Si
시 		Hi
히 		Wi
위 		Li
리 		Yi
의 		a
아 		e
에 		o
오 		u
우 		i
이

Notes

  • 1 The jamo Ssanggiyeok <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/.
  • 2 The jamo Giyeok <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
  • 3 The jamo Kieuk <ㅋ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiced palatal fricative /ɣ/.
  • 4 The jamo Pieup <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
  • 5 The jamo Bieup <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
  • 6 The compound vowels are used for <w>, e.g., ㅘ, wa.
  • 7 The iotified vowels are used for <y>, e.g., 요, yo.


Phonology

Consonants

labial dental alveolar palatal glottal
Nasals voiceless
voiced m /m/
ㅁ 		n /n/
ㄴ 		ń /ŋ/
ㄲ
Stops voiceless t /t/
ㄷ 		k /k/
ㄱ
voiced ǵ /ɣ/
ㅋ
Fricatives voiceless f /φ/
ㅍ 		s /s/
ㅅ
voiced v /β/
ㅂ
Sonorants voiceless h /h/
ㅎ
voiced w /w/ l /l/
ㄹ 		y /j/

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/
이 		u /u/
우
Close-mid e /e/
에 		o /o/
오
Open a /ä/
아

Compound Vowels

W Y
a ㅘ ㅑ
e ㅞ ㅖ
o ᆂ ㅛ
u ᆍ ㅠ
i ㅟ ㅢ


Alphabet

  • The Limli language has 18 phonemes.
  • As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the Hangul.
  • The letters are ordered according to their Manner of Articulation.
  • The consonants are <m> ㅁ; <n> ㄴ; <ń> ㄲ; <t> ㄷ; <k> ㄱ; <ǵ> ㅋ; <v> ㅂ; <f> ㅍ; <s> ㅅ; <h> ㅎ; <w>; <l> ㄹ and <y>.
  • The vowel inventory consists of <a> ㅏ; <e> ㅔ; <o> ㅗ ; <u> ㅜ and <i> ㅣ.


Limli: Syntax

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