Gund

Phonlogy

Plosive /p b t d k k_s ɡ/ "p b t d k x g"

Nasal /m n/ <m n>

Fricative /f v θ ð t_s s ʃ z h/ "f v þ ð z c š s h"

Aproximant /ɹ l j/ "r l j"

Semi-vowels /w/ "w"

Vowels /ɑ aʊ ɛ i o ø ʌ ɪ ɛ: u: ɑ: æ/ "a á e i o ø u y é ú aa ae"

Diphthongs /ɔɪ ʌɪ ɪə/ "eu ei ie"

Word finally:

c, /s/ > /k/

e, /e/ > /@/

a, /a/ > /@/

Some speakers would (if there were any) pronounce þorn unvoiced or eþ voiced

Alphabet:

A Á B C D Ð E É F G H I J K L M N O Ø P Q R S Š T Þ U Ú V W X Y Z

a á b c d ð e é f g h i j k l m n o ø p q r s š t þ u ú v w x y z

Names in Gund pronunciation:

ah á be cé dé eþ uh éh ef gé hé ie je ke le em en oh ø pe ké ahr ess šé té þorn uhe úhe vé wé yx øps zet

Morphology:

Verbs are conjugated for person and tense

1st person: stem + i

2nd person: stem + st or est if the consonat is a t or d

3rd person: stem + t or et if the consonat is a t or d

Plural 1st: unconjugated

• all plural forms of verbs for 2nd and 3rd are the same in plural

there is one prefix in Gund, ge /g@/ which marks the present participle. A final "t" is also added to the verb stem.

ge + stem + t

Gund has 4 suffixes, "and", "os" "ys" "ysan"

"and" marks the present participle.

in Gund the use of the word "am" which is a form of the verb "to be" is unecessary.

"yss" marks the past tense

"os" marks the plural

"ysan" marks the past progressive

Pronouns:

Pronouns have three cases, nominative, accusative, and Genitive. Gund has four types of

pronouns, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, and Inanimate

1st person singular nominative...Ek

2nd person singular nominative...Ðú

(3rd person singular nominative:

Masculine...Ar

Feminine...Sar

Neuter...het

Inanimate singular nominative...et)

1st person singular accusative...Mec

2nd person singular accusative...Þyk

(3rd person singular accusative:

Masculine...Arem

Feminine...Sarem

Neuter...het

Inanimate singular accusative...etem)

1st person plural nominative...Uss

2nd person plural nominative...Ðose

(3rd person plural nominative:

Masculine...Aros

Feminine...Saros

Neuter...hetos

Inanimate plural nominative...etos)

1st person plural accusative...Mec

2nd person plural accusative...Þykos

(3rd person plural accusative:

Masculine...Arom

Feminine...Sarom

Neuter...hetos

Inanimate plural accusative...etemos)

Genitive:

1st person singular...Mehn

2nd person singular...þehn

(3rd person singular:

masculine...arehn

feminine...sarehn

neuter...hetehn

inanimate...etehn)

1st person plural...áer

2nd person plural...þehnos

(3rd person plural:

masculine...arohn

feminine...sarohn

neuter...hetohn

inanimate...etohn)

articles:

• The plural form of all the articles except "this" is the same as the femine form
• Ðie serz = The girl, Ðie serzos = the girls

nominative

• • the:**

masculine --- Ðén

feminine --- Ðie

neuter --- þy

indefinate --- þet

• • a:**

masc. --- an

feminine --- anie

neuter --- anyn

indefinate --- anet

accusative

• • the:**

masculine --- Ðénem

feminine --- Ðiem

neuter --- þym

inanimate --- þetem

• • a:**

masc. --- anem

feminine --- aniem

neuter --- anym

inanimate --- anet

This and that don't have gender:

this --- Ðyss

plural --- Ðoss

accusative --- Ðyssem

plural --- Ðosem

that --- Ðaet

plural --- Ðaetos

accusative --- Ðaem

plural --- Ðaemos

Syntax

Gund is SVO with V2 word order like German it has 11 tenses:

Present

I write the book, I write the-accusative book Ak šreib þetem buk

Future

I will write the book, I will the-acc. book to-write Ak vill þetem buk šreiban

Present Progressive

I am writing the book, I am-writing the-acc. book Ak šreiband þetem buk,

Past Progressive

I was writing the book, I write-pst-pro the-acc. book Ak šreibysan þetem buk

Future Progressive

I will be writing the book, I will the-acc. book to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak vill þetem buk benan šreiband

Present Perfect

I have written the book, I have the-acc. book to-write-pst-part. Ak hyv þetem buk gešreibt

Past Perfect

I had written the book, have-past-tense the-acc. book to-write-pst-prt Ak hyvys þetem buk gešreibt

Future Perfect

I will have written the book, I will the-acc. book to-have to-write-pst-prt Ak vill þetem buk hyvan gešreibt

Present Perfect Progressive

I have been writing a book, I have the-acc. book to-be to-write-pr-prt Ak hyv þetem buk benan šreiband

Past Perfect Progressive

I had been writting the book, I have-past-tense the-acc. book to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak hyvys þetem buk benan šreiband

Future Perfect Progressive

I will have been writting the book, I will the-acc. book to-have to-be to-write-pre-prt Ak vill þetem buk hyvan benan šreiband

The only irregular verb:

Benan - to be

1st person --- ben

2nd person --- best

3rd person --- best

inanimate --- best

Plural 1st --- benan

Thing you would learn in kindergarten:

Days, months

Monday...Mondak

Tuesday...Ðúsdak

Wednesday...Vensdak

Thursday...Donsdak

Friday...Frédak

Saturday...Samsdak - a tribute to me (my name is Sam  ;) )

Sunday...Sonsdak

Months(in correct order):

Janú

Febú

Merch

Apryl

Mei

Jún

Júle

Ágúst

Septembar

Aktobar

Novembar

Dézembar

Numbers:

ahn

dún

þrie

fie

fef

syš

seb

akt

nien

zik

alf

zølf

þriezik

fiezik

fefzik

syšik

sebzik

aktzik

nienzik

dúnie

þrienie

fienie

fefie

syšie

sebie

aktie

nienie

húndar

ahneðehúndar

dúneðehúndar...