Garonnian/Verbs: Difference between revisions
| Line 89: | Line 89: | ||
| ''-s''<sup>2</sup> | | ''-s''<sup>2</sup> | ||
| ''-d''<sup>2</sup> | | ''-d''<sup>2</sup> | ||
| ''-ms''<sup> | | ''-ms''<sup>2</sup> | ||
| ''-ds''<sup> | | ''-ds''<sup>2</sup> | ||
| ''-n''<sup>2</sup> | | ''-n''<sup>2</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 102: | Line 102: | ||
|} | |} | ||
First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: ''t'' → ''z'' (''partir'' → ''por'''z''''' "I divide"), ''∅''<ref>From a lost consonant ''-n-''</ref> → ''nn'' (''heir'' → ''hinn'' "I finish"), ''v'' → ''g'' (''servir'' → ''siurģ'' "I serve"). | First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: ''t'' → ''z'' (''partir'' → ''por'''z''''' "I divide"), ''∅''<ref>From a lost consonant ''-n-''</ref> → ''nn'' (''heir'' → ''hinn'' "I finish"), ''v'' → ''g'' (''servir'' → ''siurģ'' "I serve"). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Imperfect tense | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="3" | Singular | |||
! colspan="3" | Plural | |||
|- | |||
! First | |||
! Second | |||
! Third | |||
! First | |||
! Second | |||
! Third | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | 1st | |||
! Declarative | |||
| ''-aa''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-aas''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-aad''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-oms''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-eds''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-aan''<sup>1</sup> | |||
|- | |||
! Interrogative | |||
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-es''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-en''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-amus''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-adis''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup> | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | 2nd<br>3rd | |||
! Declarative | |||
| ''-ia''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-ias''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-iad''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-oms''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-eds''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-ian''<sup>1</sup> | |||
|- | |||
! Interrogative | |||
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-es''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-en''<sup>4</sup> | |||
| ''-imus''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-idis''<sup>1</sup> | |||
| ''-enn''<sup>4</sup> | |||
|} | |||
== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 07:12, 19 January 2022
Verbs in Garonnian is a extremely complex subject, with being conjugated for 4 moods (indicative, conditional, subjunctive, and imperative), 6 tenses (present, imperfect, future, preterite, pluperfect, future perfect), 3 persons (first, second, third), numbers (singular, plural), and also polarity and interrogative conjugations. This page only discusses regular verbs, for irregular verbs (such as errs "to be", air "to have", and herz "to do"), see Garonnian/Irregular verbs.
Overview
- First conjugation: Verbs ending in -er, the prototypical verb is parler "to speak". It is the most common conjugation group.
- Second conjugation: Verbs ending in -ir, the prototypical verb is partir "to divide".
- Third conjugation: Verbs ending in -r, but always subject to metathesis if the final consonant cluster deemed unpleasant (*hezr → herz "to do", *pierdr → prierd "to lose").[1]
Principal parts
To conjugate a verb, one needs 5 principal parts to complete them. It may differ according to conjugation groups.
| Conjugation | Present | Imperfect | Preterite | Past participle | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||
| I | gemst- | estm- | estem- | este- | ested | |
| II | pert- | part- | part- | part- | partid | |
Indicative mood
| Singular | Plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||
| 1st | Declarative | -∅3 | -s2 | -d2 | -oms1 | -eds1 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -es1 | -en1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -enn1 | |
| 2nd | Declarative | -∅3 | -s2 | -d2 | -ims1 | -ids1 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -is1 | -in1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -inn1 | |
| 3rd | Declarative | -∅3 | -s2 | -d2 | -ms2 | -ds2 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -is1 | -in1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -inn1 | |
First person singular of 2nd conjugation caused palatalization: t → z (partir → porz "I divide"), ∅[2] → nn (heir → hinn "I finish"), v → g (servir → siurģ "I serve").
| Singular | Plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||
| 1st | Declarative | -aa1 | -aas1 | -aad1 | -oms4 | -eds4 | -aan1 |
| Interrogative | -enn4 | -es4 | -en4 | -amus1 | -adis1 | -enn4 | |
| 2nd 3rd |
Declarative | -ia1 | -ias1 | -iad1 | -oms4 | -eds4 | -ian1 |
| Interrogative | -enn4 | -es4 | -en4 | -imus1 | -idis1 | -enn4 | |
