Garonnian/Verbs: Difference between revisions
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* First conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-er'', the prototypical verb is ''parler'' "to speak". It is the most common conjugation group. | * First conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-er'', the prototypical verb is ''parler'' "to speak". It is the most common conjugation group. | ||
* Second conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-ir'', the prototypical verb is ''partir'' "to divide". | * Second conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-ir'', the prototypical verb is ''partir'' "to divide". | ||
* Third conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-r'', but always subject to metathesis if the final consonant cluster deemed unpleasant (''*hezr'' → ''he'''r'''z'' "to do", ''*pierdr'' → ''p'''r'''ierd'' "to lose"<ref>Although faithful, the verb is not expected to become ''*pierrd'' because etymologically the cluster ''-rr-'' was stood as {{IPA|/rdʒ/}}.</ref> | * Third conjugation: Verbs ending in ''-r'', but always subject to metathesis if the final consonant cluster deemed unpleasant (''*hezr'' → ''he'''r'''z'' "to do", ''*pierdr'' → ''p'''r'''ierd'' "to lose").<ref>Although faithful, the verb is not expected to become ''*pierrd'' because etymologically the cluster ''-rr-'' was stood as {{IPA|/rdʒ/}}.</ref> | ||
=== Principal parts === | |||
To conjugate a verb, one needs 5 principal parts to complete them. It may differ according to conjugation groups. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! | |||
! Present singular | |||
! Present plural | |||
! Imperfect singular | |||
! Imperfect plural | |||
! Preterite | |||
! Past participle | |||
|- | |||
! First | |||
| style="background:pink" | ''gemst-'' | |||
| style="background:orange" colspan="2" | ''estm-'' | |||
| style="background:lime" | ''estem-'' | |||
| style="background:cyan" | ''estev-'' | |||
| 's'ested'' | |||
|} | |||
== Indicative mood == | == Indicative mood == | ||
Revision as of 21:25, 18 January 2022
Verbs in Garonnian is a extremely complex subject, with being conjugated for 4 moods (indicative, conditional, subjunctive, and imperative), 6 tenses (present, imperfect, future, preterite, pluperfect, future perfect), 3 persons (first, second, third), numbers (singular, plural), and also polarity and interrogative conjugations. This page only discusses regular verbs, for irregular verbs (such as errs "to be", air "to have", and herz "to do"), see Garonnian/Irregular verbs.
Overview
- First conjugation: Verbs ending in -er, the prototypical verb is parler "to speak". It is the most common conjugation group.
- Second conjugation: Verbs ending in -ir, the prototypical verb is partir "to divide".
- Third conjugation: Verbs ending in -r, but always subject to metathesis if the final consonant cluster deemed unpleasant (*hezr → herz "to do", *pierdr → prierd "to lose").[1]
Principal parts
To conjugate a verb, one needs 5 principal parts to complete them. It may differ according to conjugation groups.
| Present singular | Present plural | Imperfect singular | Imperfect plural | Preterite | Past participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | gemst- | estm- | estem- | estev- | 's'ested | |
Indicative mood
| Singular | Plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | Second | Third | First | Second | Third | ||
| 1st | Declarative | -∅2 | -s2 | -d2 | -oms1 | -eds1 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -es1 | -en1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -enn1 | |
| 2nd | Declarative | -∅2 | -s2 | -d2 | -ims1 | -ids1 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -is1 | -in1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -inn1 | |
| 3rd | Declarative | -∅2 | -s2 | -d2 | -ms1 | -ds1 | -n2 |
| Interrogative | -ue1 | -is1 | -in1 | -mus1 | -dis1 | -inn1 | |
Notes
- ↑ Although faithful, the verb is not expected to become *pierrd because etymologically the cluster -rr- was stood as /rdʒ/.
