Veslovian/Phonology: Difference between revisions
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=== Vowels === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" | Back | |||
! colspan="2" | Central | |||
! colspan="2" | Front | |||
|- | |||
! Short | |||
! Long | |||
! Short | |||
! Long | |||
! Short | |||
! Long | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
| {{IPA|/ɪ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/iː/}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|/u/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/uː/}} | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| {{IPA|/ɛ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ɛː/}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|/ɔ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ɔː/}} | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|/a/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/aː/}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
=== Stress === | |||
Words are stressed in the first syllable, except when a preposition precedes a noun or adjective, the preposition was stressed instead (''<sup>Mra</sup>kovr'' → ''<sup>jí</sup> Mrakoverž'' "Marcover, in Marcover (cf. Maribor)"). | |||
== Alterations == | |||
=== Lengthening === | |||
When followed by syllables historically containing yers (''*-ь-'' or ''*-ъ-'') that later deleted, the vowels except yers itself are lengthened, or become diphthongs instead. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan="2" | Northern | |||
! colspan="2" | Southern | |||
|- | |||
! Short grade | |||
! Long grade | |||
! Short grade | |||
! Long grade | |||
|- | |||
| ''a'' | |||
| ''á'' | |||
| ''a'' | |||
| ''á'' | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | ''e'' | |||
| ''é'' | |||
| rowspan="3" | ''e'' | |||
| ''é'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''í'' | |||
| ''ẹ́'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''ě'' | |||
| rowspan="2" | ''í'' | |||
| ''é'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''i'' | |||
| ''i'' | |||
| ''í'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''o'' | |||
| ''ů'' | |||
| ''o'' | |||
| ''ọ́'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''u'' | |||
| ''ou'' | |||
| ''u'' | |||
| ''ú'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 14:40, 11 December 2021
Northern dialect
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | /m/ ⟨m⟩ |
/n/ ⟨n⟩ |
/ɲ/ ⟨ň⟩ |
|||
| Plosive | Voiceless | /p/ ⟨p⟩ |
/t/ ⟨t⟩ |
/c/ ⟨ť⟩ |
/k/ ⟨k⟩ |
|
| Voiced | /b/ ⟨b⟩ |
/d/ ⟨d⟩ |
/ɟ/ ⟨ď⟩ |
/ɡ/ ⟨g⟩ |
||
| Affricate | Voiceless | /ts/ ⟨c⟩ |
/tʃ/ ⟨č⟩ |
|||
| Voiced | /dz/ ⟨dz⟩ |
/dʒ/ ⟨dž⟩ |
||||
| Fricative | Voiceless | /f/ ⟨f⟩ |
/s/ ⟨s⟩ |
/ʃ/ ⟨š⟩ |
/x/ ⟨ch⟩ |
|
| Voiced | /v/ ⟨v⟩ |
/z/ ⟨z⟩ |
/ʒ/ ⟨ž⟩ |
/ɦ/ ⟨h⟩ | ||
| Trill | Plain | /r/ ⟨r⟩ |
||||
| Fricative | /r̝/ ⟨ř⟩ |
|||||
| Approximant | /l/ ⟨l⟩ |
/j/ | ||||
Vowels
| Back | Central | Front | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short | Long | Short | Long | Short | Long | |
| Close | /ɪ/ | /iː/ | /u/ | /uː/ | ||
| Mid | /ɛ/ | /ɛː/ | /ɔ/ | /ɔː/ | ||
| Open | /a/ | /aː/ | ||||
Stress
Words are stressed in the first syllable, except when a preposition precedes a noun or adjective, the preposition was stressed instead (Mrakovr → jí Mrakoverž "Marcover, in Marcover (cf. Maribor)").
Alterations
Lengthening
When followed by syllables historically containing yers (*-ь- or *-ъ-) that later deleted, the vowels except yers itself are lengthened, or become diphthongs instead.
| Northern | Southern | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Short grade | Long grade | Short grade | Long grade |
| a | á | a | á |
| e | é | e | é |
| í | ẹ́ | ||
| ě | í | é | |
| i | i | í | |
| o | ů | o | ọ́ |
| u | ou | u | ú |
