Veslovian/Verbs: Difference between revisions
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* '''Second conjugation''': | * '''Second conjugation''': | ||
** Northern: ''vutera konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''- | ** Northern: ''vutera konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''-enu'' (''točenu''). | ||
** Western: ''vontere coniugazia'', infinitive ending in ''-en'' (''tocen''). | ** Western: ''vontere coniugazia'', infinitive ending in ''-en'' (''tocen''). | ||
** Southern: ''votera konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''- | ** Southern: ''votera konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''-eno'' (''točojeno''). | ||
* '''Third conjugation''': | * '''Third conjugation''': | ||
** Northern: ''třdí konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''- | ** Northern: ''třdí konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''-énu'' (''dělénu''). | ||
** Western: ''tert coniugazia'', infinitive ending in ''-an'' (''delan''). | ** Western: ''tert coniugazia'', infinitive ending in ''-an'' (''delan''). | ||
** Southern: ''trde konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''-eno'' (''deleno''). | ** Southern: ''trde konjugacja'', infinitive ending in ''-eno'' (''deleno''). |
Revision as of 06:23, 26 November 2021
The Veslovian verbs are divided to 3 conjugation groups for non-ablauting ones (weak) and 7 groups for ablauting ones (strong). However, such divisions only found in the past participle forms.
Groups
Groups are ordered largely according to the Latin conjugation groups, so luvanu "to love", točenu "to cover", and dělínu "to divide" translates to Latin amāre, tegere, and partīre. Despite its dialectal diversity, the prototypical verbs are always the same.
- First conjugation:
- Northern: prmí konjugacja, infinitive ending in -énu (luvénu).
- Western: perm coniugazia, infinitive ending in -en (lîven).
- Southern: prme konjugacja, infinitive ending in -ajeno (lavajeno).
- Second conjugation:
- Northern: vutera konjugacja, infinitive ending in -enu (točenu).
- Western: vontere coniugazia, infinitive ending in -en (tocen).
- Southern: votera konjugacja, infinitive ending in -eno (točojeno).
- Third conjugation:
- Northern: třdí konjugacja, infinitive ending in -énu (dělénu).
- Western: tert coniugazia, infinitive ending in -an (delan).
- Southern: trde konjugacja, infinitive ending in -eno (deleno).
In all of dialects, the final vowel tends to lost and shorten colloquially, except in the Western dialects where such changes were regarded as standard.
Non-finite forms
Present participle
Present participle are usually formed by these endings:
1 | 2 | 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Northern | luvoudo | tečedo | děledo |
Southern | levodo | tēčedo | dēledo |
Western | livot | ticêt | dilêt |
Past participle
Past participle are either formed by adding a dental suffix (such verbs are known as weak ones), changing the root vowel (ablaut), or reduplicating the stem. Let's start from the most regular ones (dental).
1 | 2 | 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Northern | luvédo | tečédo | díldo |
Southern | levedo | tečedo | dēldo |
Western | lîvêt | ticêt | dîlt |