Kerusha: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
 
A conlang for fun by [[User:Masako|masako]] ([[User talk:Masako|talk]]) and his 8 year old daughter. It's me helping her make a language that makes sense.
 
= Phonology =
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 600px;"
|+ '''consonants'''
|-
<!-- Heading row -->
!
!Bilabial
!Alveolar
!Palatal
!Velar
!Labiovelar
|- align="center" <!-- Stops -->
! Plosives
| {{IPA|p &nbsp; b}}
| {{IPA|t &nbsp; d}}
|
| {{IPA|k &nbsp; g}}
|
|- align="center"
! Nasals
| {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA|n}}
|
|
|
|- align="center"
! Fricatives
|
| {{IPA|s &nbsp; z}}
| {{IPA|ʃ}} ('''sh''')
|
|
|- align="center"
! Approximants
|
|
| {{IPA|j}} ('''y''')
|
| {{IPA|w}}
|-
! Trill
|
| align="center"|{{IPA|r}}
|
|
|
|}
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+vowels
!
!Front
!Central
!Back
|- style="text-align:center;"
!Close
|i~ɪ || || u~ʊ
|- style="text-align:center;"
!Mid
|e~ɛ || || o
|- style="text-align:center;"
!Open
| || a~ə ||
|}
 
== Pronouns ==
 
'''Kerusha''' has three basic pronouns; '''bu''' [1sg], '''ti''' [2sg], and '''ma''' [3sg]. These do not indicate gender. These can be made plural using the suffix "'''-shi'''", and possessive with "'''a-'''".
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 500px;"
!
! singular
! plural
! possessive
|-align=center
! 1st person
| '''bu'''<br>I; me
| '''bushi'''<br>we; us
| '''abu/shi'''<br>my; mine / our(s)
|-align=center
! 2nd person
| '''ti'''<br>you
| '''tishi'''<br>you (all)
| '''ati/shi'''<br>your/(s)
|-align=center
! 3rd person
| '''ma'''<br>he; she; him; her; it
| '''mashi'''<br>they; them; those
| '''ama/shi'''<br>their/(s)
|}
 
== Numbers ==
 
'''Kerusha''' uses a base 10 number system. The basic numbers are as follows:
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 800px;"
|+
|-
! Kerusha
! number
! English
! Kerusha
! number
! English
! Kerusha
! number
! English
|-
| '''ozi''' || 0 || zero || '''ni''' || 6 || six || '''wekiyo''' || 500 || five hundred
|-
| '''da''' || 1 || one || '''go''' || 7 || seven || '''tiyo''' || 10<sup>3</sup> || (one) thousand
|-
| '''sho''' || 2 || two || '''ro''' || 8 || eight || '''metiyo''' || 10<sup>4</sup> || ten thousand
|-
| '''pa''' || 3 || three || '''bi''' || 9 || nine || '''kitiyo''' || 10<sup>5</sup> || (one) hundred thousand
|-
| '''ke''' || 4 || four || '''me''' || 10 || ten || ''' ''' || 10<sup>6</sup> || (one) million
|-
| '''we''' || 5 || five || '''kiyo''' || 100 || (one) hundred || ''' ''' || 10<sup>9</sup> || (one) billion
|}
 
==== Forming Larger Numbers ====
 
* '''meda''' - eleven / 11
* '''shome''' - twenty / 20
* '''dakiyogo''' - one hundred seven / 107
* '''pakiyoshomeni''' (''long form'') / '''pashoni''' (''short form'') - three hundred twenty six / 326
* '''nitiyoshoke''' - six thousand and twenty four / 6024
 
==== Other Number Forms ====
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 600px;"
|+
|-
! Kerusha
! number
! English
! ordinal
! multiple
! fractional
|-
| '''da''' || 1 || one  || '''x'''<br>first || '''x'''<br>once || -
|-
| '''mesho''' || 12 || twelve || '''x'''<br>twelfth  || '''x'''<br>duodecuple || '''x'''<br>a twelfth
|-
| '''wemeke'''<br>'''(weke)''' || 54 || fifty four  || '''x'''<br>fifty fourth || '''x'''<br>54 times || '''x'''<br>a fifty fourth
|-
| '''kiyoni''' || 106 || one hundred (and) six || '''x'''<br>106<sup>th</sup> || '''x'''<br>106 times || '''x'''<br>a 106<sup>th</sup>
|-
| '''gotiyo''' || 7000 || seven thousand  || '''x'''<br>seven thousandth || '''x'''<br>7000 times || '''x'''<br>1/7000
|}
 
= Lexicon =
 
== a ==
* '''a-''' - possessive
* '''abi''' - live
* '''abiru''' - die
* '''awabi''' - be born
== ba ==
* '''ba''' - in order that, so that
* '''baba''' - father
* '''baba-zi''' - unusual; weird
* '''babe''' - wear (clothes)
* '''babo''' - case, instance
* '''bada''' - cashier, purser
* '''bade''' - below, downstairs, downward
* '''badi''' - Asia
* '''bage''' - berry
* '''bapa''' - cathedral
* '''bari''' - below, under
* '''bawaba''' - grandfather
* '''beba''' - Africa
* '''bebi''' - in vain
* '''begu''' - waken; be awake; wake up
* '''beguru''' - sleep
* '''bemo''' - after
* '''bewa''' - explain
* '''bi''' - nine
* '''bida''' - beyond, past
* '''bigi''' - warm, tepid
* '''bine''' - after
* '''bipo''' - bell (door)
* '''birodo''' - niece
* '''biruwa''' - nephew
* '''bita''' - as… as, like
* '''bo''' - is it the case that…? (question particle)
* '''boba''' - agree
* '''bogo''' - inferior
* '''bopu''' - bicycle
* '''boro''' - pink
* '''bosa / sabo''' - orange
* '''bota''' - red
* '''bu''' - I, me
* '''bube''' - at least
* '''buda''' - want, intend
* '''budu''' - air
* '''buga''' - beverage, drink
* '''buko''' - insect
* '''buta''' - at most
== da ==
* '''da''' - one
* '''dabe''' - Weather
* '''dabo''' - between, among
* '''dapo''' - after, afterwards
* '''dapu''' - in-law
* '''data''' - carrot
* '''debe''' - carry
* '''dedu''' - incredible
* '''deka''' - card
* '''deki''' - wash
* '''depa''' - astonished
* '''diga''' - besides
* '''dime''' - watch
* '''dini''' - ugly; gross
* '''diwa''' - why
* '''do''' - this (here)
* '''dori''' - see
== e ==
== ga ==
* '''gado''' - war
* '''gara''' - at
* '''gata''' - art
* '''gebe''' - cauliflower
* '''geda''' - at first
* '''gedi''' - Biological adjectives
* '''gepo''' - black
* '''giro''' - family
* '''gise''' - pale
* '''go''' - seven
* '''-go''' - diminutive "smaller"
* '''godo''' - alcohol
* '''gopo''' - covered
* '''goporu''' - uncover
* '''goru''' - in, into
* '''gu''' - if, whether
 
== i ==
* '''ima''' - dark
* '''iri''' - flute
* '''-iy-''' - past tense
== ka ==
* '''kaba''' - in front of
* '''kabu''' - ink
* '''kamo''' - drink
* '''kapa''' - at the latest
* '''kara''' - love
* '''ke''' - four
* '''ki-''' - abilitative "can; able"
* '''kiga''' - wallet, purse
* '''kima''' - in general
* '''kiyo''' - hundred
* '''koba''' - in the past
* '''kodo''' - high
* '''kodoru''' - low
* '''koki''' - color
* '''Kokisa''' - Colors
* '''ku''' - and
* '''kuge''' - wardrobe
* '''kuma''' - actually, indeed
* '''kuma''' - yes
* '''kura''' - smile
== ma ==
 
* '''ma''' - he, she, him, her
* '''mama''' - mother
* '''mawama''' - grandmother
* '''me''' - ten
* '''-me''' - someone who does; -ist
* '''meda''' - eleven
* '''miga''' - against, opposite
* '''misha''' - healthy
* '''misharu''' - unhealthy
* '''mishi''' - empty
* '''moba''' - fall
* '''mobi''' - cousin; female
* '''mota''' - airplane
* '''muse''' - clear
* '''muwabi''' - cousin; male
* '''muzo''' - poetry; poem
 
== na ==
* '''na''' - go
* '''nagu''' - washer, washing machine
* '''naru''' - come
* '''naya''' - fall
* '''ne''' - both… and
* '''ni''' - six
* '''nobe''' - ask
* '''nobu''' - wasp
* '''noga''' - eat
* '''nogaru''' - vomit
* '''nore''' - discuss; talk about
* '''norosha''' - express feelings
* '''nusa''' - gummy
* '''nusho''' - believe; trust
 
== o ==
* '''obi''' - sister
* '''ozi''' - zero
 
== pa ==
* '''pa''' - three
* '''pade''' - Beverages
* '''peba''' - in the morning
* '''pebo''' - agreeable
* '''peza''' - always
* '''pida''' - bird
* '''pigi''' - belt
* '''pito''' - in the evening
* '''pizo''' - house
* '''puyu''' - smell
== ra ==
* '''raya''' - white
* '''risha''' - hear
* '''risho''' - listen
* '''rita''' - deceive; trick
* '''ro''' - eight
* '''rogo''' - ceiling
* '''rosha''' - feel (well, etc.)
 
== sa ==
* '''-sa''' - plural marker
* '''sama''' - yellow
* '''setu''' - exit
* '''seturu''' - enter
* '''subu''' - dessert; candy
 
== sha ==
 
* '''sha''' - the / a; one
* '''sha pizo''' - The house
* '''shado''' - daughter
* '''shagodo''' - granddaughter
* '''shagowa''' - grandson
* '''shawa''' - son
* '''shayo''' - yummy
* '''-shi''' - plural pronoun
* '''sho''' - two
* '''shome''' - twenty
* '''shu''' - that (there)
* '''shuba / sato / tosa''' - green
 
== ta ==
* '''ta''' - with, by means of, in company of
* '''tabe''' - fear
* '''tade''' - carpet
* '''tagose''' - fair, blond
* '''tama''' - CD, record
* '''teba''' - in one week
* '''tedi''' - cattle
* '''tepa''' - water
* '''tepu''' - in the future
* '''ti''' - you (singular)
* '''tiga''' - again
* '''tiyo''' - thousand
* '''toke''' - asparagus
* '''topa''' - at night
* '''toro''' - need
* '''towabo''' - purple
* '''tozi''' - light blue, sky blue
* '''tozi-wa''' - dark blue, navy blue
* '''tuku''' - brown
== u ==
== wa ==
* '''-wa''' - augmentative "bigger"
* '''wabi''' - brother
* '''wama''' - be / stand
* '''wama''' - stand
* '''wamaru''' - sit
* '''we''' - five
* '''weshe''' - by all means
* '''wida''' - gray
* '''wira''' - have
 
== ya ==
 
* '''-ya''' - object marker
* '''yamu''' - study
* '''ye / pa / -ru''' - no, not
* '''yoso''' - give
* '''yume''' - taste
 
== za ==
 
* '''-za''' - future tense
* '''zaba''' - uncle
* '''zama''' - aunt
* '''zapa''' - age
* '''zeba''' - cave

Revision as of 11:56, 21 October 2021


A conlang for fun by masako (talk) and his 8 year old daughter. It's me helping her make a language that makes sense.

Phonology

consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Labiovelar
Plosives p   b t   d k   g
Nasals m n
Fricatives s   z ʃ (sh)
Approximants j (y) w
Trill r


vowels
Front Central Back
Close i~ɪ u~ʊ
Mid e~ɛ o
Open a~ə

Pronouns

Kerusha has three basic pronouns; bu [1sg], ti [2sg], and ma [3sg]. These do not indicate gender. These can be made plural using the suffix "-shi", and possessive with "a-".

singular plural possessive
1st person bu
I; me 		bushi
we; us 		abu/shi
my; mine / our(s)
2nd person ti
you 		tishi
you (all) 		ati/shi
your/(s)
3rd person ma
he; she; him; her; it 		mashi
they; them; those 		ama/shi
their/(s)

Numbers

Kerusha uses a base 10 number system. The basic numbers are as follows:

Kerusha number English Kerusha number English Kerusha number English
ozi 0 zero ni 6 six wekiyo 500 five hundred
da 1 one go 7 seven tiyo 103 (one) thousand
sho 2 two ro 8 eight metiyo 104 ten thousand
pa 3 three bi 9 nine kitiyo 105 (one) hundred thousand
ke 4 four me 10 ten 106 (one) million
we 5 five kiyo 100 (one) hundred 109 (one) billion

Forming Larger Numbers

  • meda - eleven / 11
  • shome - twenty / 20
  • dakiyogo - one hundred seven / 107
  • pakiyoshomeni (long form) / pashoni (short form) - three hundred twenty six / 326
  • nitiyoshoke - six thousand and twenty four / 6024

Other Number Forms

Kerusha number English ordinal multiple fractional
da 1 one x
first		 x
once		 -
mesho 12 twelve x
twelfth		 x
duodecuple		 x
a twelfth
wemeke
(weke)		 54 fifty four x
fifty fourth		 x
54 times		 x
a fifty fourth
kiyoni 106 one hundred (and) six x
106th		 x
106 times		 x
a 106th
gotiyo 7000 seven thousand x
seven thousandth		 x
7000 times		 x
1/7000

Lexicon

a

  • a- - possessive
  • abi - live
  • abiru - die
  • awabi - be born

ba

  • ba - in order that, so that
  • baba - father
  • baba-zi - unusual; weird
  • babe - wear (clothes)
  • babo - case, instance
  • bada - cashier, purser
  • bade - below, downstairs, downward
  • badi - Asia
  • bage - berry
  • bapa - cathedral
  • bari - below, under
  • bawaba - grandfather
  • beba - Africa
  • bebi - in vain
  • begu - waken; be awake; wake up
  • beguru - sleep
  • bemo - after
  • bewa - explain
  • bi - nine
  • bida - beyond, past
  • bigi - warm, tepid
  • bine - after
  • bipo - bell (door)
  • birodo - niece
  • biruwa - nephew
  • bita - as… as, like
  • bo - is it the case that…? (question particle)
  • boba - agree
  • bogo - inferior
  • bopu - bicycle
  • boro - pink
  • bosa / sabo - orange
  • bota - red
  • bu - I, me
  • bube - at least
  • buda - want, intend
  • budu - air
  • buga - beverage, drink
  • buko - insect
  • buta - at most

da

  • da - one
  • dabe - Weather
  • dabo - between, among
  • dapo - after, afterwards
  • dapu - in-law
  • data - carrot
  • debe - carry
  • dedu - incredible
  • deka - card
  • deki - wash
  • depa - astonished
  • diga - besides
  • dime - watch
  • dini - ugly; gross
  • diwa - why
  • do - this (here)
  • dori - see

e

ga

  • gado - war
  • gara - at
  • gata - art
  • gebe - cauliflower
  • geda - at first
  • gedi - Biological adjectives
  • gepo - black
  • giro - family
  • gise - pale
  • go - seven
  • -go - diminutive "smaller"
  • godo - alcohol
  • gopo - covered
  • goporu - uncover
  • goru - in, into
  • gu - if, whether

i

  • ima - dark
  • iri - flute
  • -iy- - past tense

ka

  • kaba - in front of
  • kabu - ink
  • kamo - drink
  • kapa - at the latest
  • kara - love
  • ke - four
  • ki- - abilitative "can; able"
  • kiga - wallet, purse
  • kima - in general
  • kiyo - hundred
  • koba - in the past
  • kodo - high
  • kodoru - low
  • koki - color
  • Kokisa - Colors
  • ku - and
  • kuge - wardrobe
  • kuma - actually, indeed
  • kuma - yes
  • kura - smile

ma

  • ma - he, she, him, her
  • mama - mother
  • mawama - grandmother
  • me - ten
  • -me - someone who does; -ist
  • meda - eleven
  • miga - against, opposite
  • misha - healthy
  • misharu - unhealthy
  • mishi - empty
  • moba - fall
  • mobi - cousin; female
  • mota - airplane
  • muse - clear
  • muwabi - cousin; male
  • muzo - poetry; poem

na

  • na - go
  • nagu - washer, washing machine
  • naru - come
  • naya - fall
  • ne - both… and
  • ni - six
  • nobe - ask
  • nobu - wasp
  • noga - eat
  • nogaru - vomit
  • nore - discuss; talk about
  • norosha - express feelings
  • nusa - gummy
  • nusho - believe; trust

o

  • obi - sister
  • ozi - zero

pa

  • pa - three
  • pade - Beverages
  • peba - in the morning
  • pebo - agreeable
  • peza - always
  • pida - bird
  • pigi - belt
  • pito - in the evening
  • pizo - house
  • puyu - smell

ra

  • raya - white
  • risha - hear
  • risho - listen
  • rita - deceive; trick
  • ro - eight
  • rogo - ceiling
  • rosha - feel (well, etc.)

sa

  • -sa - plural marker
  • sama - yellow
  • setu - exit
  • seturu - enter
  • subu - dessert; candy

sha

  • sha - the / a; one
  • sha pizo - The house
  • shado - daughter
  • shagodo - granddaughter
  • shagowa - grandson
  • shawa - son
  • shayo - yummy
  • -shi - plural pronoun
  • sho - two
  • shome - twenty
  • shu - that (there)
  • shuba / sato / tosa - green

ta

  • ta - with, by means of, in company of
  • tabe - fear
  • tade - carpet
  • tagose - fair, blond
  • tama - CD, record
  • teba - in one week
  • tedi - cattle
  • tepa - water
  • tepu - in the future
  • ti - you (singular)
  • tiga - again
  • tiyo - thousand
  • toke - asparagus
  • topa - at night
  • toro - need
  • towabo - purple
  • tozi - light blue, sky blue
  • tozi-wa - dark blue, navy blue
  • tuku - brown

u

wa

  • -wa - augmentative "bigger"
  • wabi - brother
  • wama - be / stand
  • wama - stand
  • wamaru - sit
  • we - five
  • weshe - by all means
  • wida - gray
  • wira - have

ya

  • -ya - object marker
  • yamu - study
  • ye / pa / -ru - no, not
  • yoso - give
  • yume - taste

za

  • -za - future tense
  • zaba - uncle
  • zama - aunt
  • zapa - age
  • zeba - cave
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