Cernelian/3rd declension: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "Nominals ending in soft ''-∅''. Because in Proto-Finnic this type ends in ''-i'' which transparent in vowel harmony (''łólcho'' "in the stupid one"...")
 
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|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Dative
! colspan="2" | Dative
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-ią''
| ''-ią''
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! colspan="2" | Vocative
! colspan="2" | Vocative
| style="background:#ddd" | ''-che''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''-cho''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''-ie''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''-ie''
|}
Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''tuć'' "girl"
!
! Singular
! Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''tuć''
| rowspan="2" style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ie'''''
|-
! Accusative
| rowspan="2" style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ię'''''
|-
! Genitive
| ''tuc'''iedzię'''''
|-
! Dative
| ''tuc'''ią'''''
| ''tuc'''ią'''''
|-
! Locative
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''cho'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''iszo'''''
|-
! Ablative
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''sto'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''isto'''''
|-
! Instrumental
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''ło'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''iło'''''
|-
! Vocative
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuć'''cho'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''tuc'''ie'''''
|}
|}

Revision as of 00:31, 18 October 2021

Nominals ending in soft -∅. Because in Proto-Finnic this type ends in -i which transparent in vowel harmony (łólcho "in the stupid one" vs. nirsze "in the dull one"), it split into four subtypes. While in other Finnic languages e-stem is more alive, i-stem is much alive here and the e-stem of 3rd declension simply died. The only remnant of e-stem here is the nominative (incl. accusative and vocative) plurals.

Type 3A

Nominals with stems ending in -b, , -dź, -j, -m, , -p, , -w, and (all letters containing acute accent like -dź always written -Ci(V)- before vowels). It has back vowel harmony.

Singular Plural
Nominative -∅ -ie
Accusative Inanimate
Animate -ię
Genitive -iedzię
Dative -ią -ią
Locative -cho -iszo
Ablative -sto -isto
Instrumental -ło -iło
Vocative -cho -ie

Examples:

tuć "girl"
Singular Plural
Nominative tuć tucie
Accusative tuc
Genitive tuciedzię
Dative tuc tuc
Locative tućcho tuciszo
Ablative tućsto tucisto
Instrumental tućło tuciło
Vocative tućcho tucie