Cernelian/1st declension: Difference between revisions

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Nominals ending in ''-o'', or sometimes ''-a'' (not to be confused with irregular nouns like ''sa'' "swamp").
== Type 1A ==
== Type 1A ==
Nominals with stems ending in ''-b'', ''-ch'', ''-d'', ''-f'', ''-ł'', ''-m'', ''-n'', ''-p'', ''-r'', ''-s'', ''-t'', ''-w'', and ''-z''.
Nominals with stems ending in ''-b'', ''-ch'', ''-d'', ''-f'', ''-ł'', ''-m'', ''-n'', ''-p'', ''-r'', ''-s'', ''-t'', ''-w'', and ''-z''.
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| style="background:#ddd" | ''jałg'''osto'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''jałg'''osto'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''j<span style="color:blue">e</span>ł<span style="color:green">dz</span>'''asto''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''j<span style="color:blue">e</span>ł<span style="color:green">dz</span>'''asto''
|-
! Instrumental
| style="background:#ddd" | ''jałg'''oło'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''j<span style="color:blue">e</span>ł<span style="color:green">dz</span>'''ało''
|-
! Vocative
| style="background:#ddd" | ''jałg'''oso'''''
| style="background:#ddd" | ''jałg'''o'''''
|}
== Type 1C ==
Nominals ending in ''-a'', with the last consonant ending in ''-b'', ''-ch'', ''-d'', ''-f'', ''-ł'', ''-m'', ''-n'', ''-p'', ''-r'', ''-s'', ''-t'', ''-w'', and ''-z''.
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! Singular
! Plural
|-
! colspan="2" | Nominative
| rowspan="2" | ''-a''
| rowspan="3" | ''-a''
|-
! rowspan="2" | Accusative
! Inanimate
|-
! Animate
| rowspan="2" | ''-oję''
|-
! colspan="2" | Genitive
| ''-adzię''
|-
! colspan="2" | Dative
| ''-aję''
| ''-oję''
|-
! colspan="2" | Locative
| ''-aso''
| ''-ojacho''
|-
! colspan="2" | Ablative
| ''-asto''
| ''-ojasto''
|-
! colspan="2" | Instrumental
| ''-ało''
| ''-ojało''
|-
! colspan="2" | Vocative
| ''-aso''
| ''-a''
|}
Examples:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ ''ma'' "hut"
!
! Singular
! Plural
|-
! Nominative
| rowspan="2" | ''m'''a'''''
| rowspan="2" | ''m'''a'''
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
| ''m'''oję'''''
| ''m'''adzię'''''
|-
! Dative
| ''m'''aję'''''
| ''m'''oję'''''
|-
! Locative
| ''m'''aso'''''
| ''m'''ojacho'''''
|-
! Ablative
| ''m'''asto'''''
| ''m'''ojasto'''''
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental

Revision as of 19:14, 12 October 2021

Nominals ending in -o, or sometimes -a (not to be confused with irregular nouns like sa "swamp").

Type 1A

Nominals with stems ending in -b, -ch, -d, -f, , -m, -n, -p, -r, -s, -t, -w, and -z.

Singular Plural
Nominative -o -o
Accusative Inanimate
Animate
Genitive -odzię
Dative -oję -
Locative -oso -iacho
Ablative -osto -iasto
Instrumental -oło -iało
Vocative -oso -o

Examples:

koło "fish"
Singular Plural
Nominative koło koło
Accusative kołę
Genitive kołodzię
Dative kołoję kolę
Locative kołoso kolacho
Ablative kołosto kolasto
Instrumental kołoło kolało
Vocative kołoso koło
apo "aspen"
Singular Plural
Nominative apo awo
Accusative awę
Genitive apodzię
Dative apoję apę
Locative awoso awiacho
Ablative awosto awiasto
Instrumental awoło awiało
Vocative awoso awo

Type 1B

Nominals with stems ending in -k and -g (this consonant only exists after consonants).

Singular Plural
Nominative -o -o
Accusative Inanimate
Animate -ię
Genitive -odzię
Dative -oję -
Locative -oso -iacho
Ablative -osto -iasto
Instrumental -oło -iało
Vocative -oso -o

Examples:

jałko "foot"
Singular Plural
Nominative jałko jałgo
Accusative jałg
Genitive jałkodzię
Dative jałkoję jełcę
Locative jałgoso jełdzacho
Ablative jałgosto jełdzasto
Instrumental jałgoło jełdzało
Vocative jałgoso jałgo

Type 1C

Nominals ending in -a, with the last consonant ending in -b, -ch, -d, -f, , -m, -n, -p, -r, -s, -t, -w, and -z.

Singular Plural
Nominative -a -a
Accusative Inanimate
Animate -oję
Genitive -adzię
Dative -aję -oję
Locative -aso -ojacho
Ablative -asto -ojasto
Instrumental -ało -ojało
Vocative -aso -a

Examples:

ma "hut"
Singular Plural
Nominative ma ma
Accusative
Genitive moję madzię
Dative maję moję
Locative maso mojacho
Ablative masto mojasto
Instrumental jałgoło jełdzało
Vocative jałgoso jałgo