Limli: Phonology

Table of Phonemes

POA	labial					dental				alveolar		palatal					glottal			vowels
IPA	/m/	/φ/	/β/	/w/		/n/	/t/	/l/		/s/		/ŋ/	/k/	/ɣ/	/j/		/h/			/ä/	/e/	/o/	/u/	/i/
Latin	m	f	v	w		n	t	l		s		ń	k	ǵ	y		h			a	e	o	u	i
Hangul	ㅁ	ㅍ 1	ㅂ 2	3		ㄴ	ㄷ	ㄹ		ㅅ		ㄲ 4	ㄱ 5	ㅋ 6	7		ㅎ			아	에	오	우	이
Name	Mi 미	Fi 피	Vi 비	Wi 위		Ni 니	Ti 디	Li 리		Si 시		Ńi 끼	Ki 기	Ǵi 키	Yi 의		Hi 히			a 아	e 에	o 오	u 우	i 이

Notes

• ¹ The jamo Pieup <ㅍ> /pʰ/ is assigned the voiceless bilabial fricative /φ/.
• ² The jamo Bieup <ㅂ> /p~pʰ~b/ is assigned the voiced bilabial fricative /β/.
• ³ The compound vowels are used for <w>, e.g., ㅘ, wa.
• ⁴ The jamo Ssanggiyeok <ㄲ> /k͈/ is assigned the palatal nasal /ŋ/ as the onset.
• ⁵ The jamo Giyeok <ㄱ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiceless palatal stop /k/.
• ⁶ The jamo Kieuk <ㅋ> /g~k~kʰ/ is assigned the voiced palatal fricative /ɣ/.
• ⁷ The iotified vowels are used for <y>, e.g., 요, yo.

Phonology

Consonants

		labial	dental	alveolar	palatal	glottal
Nasals	voiceless
	voiced	m /m/ ㅁ	n /n/ ㄴ		ń /ŋ/ ㄲ
Stops	voiceless		t /t/ ㄷ		k /k/ ㄱ
	voiced				ǵ /ɣ/ ㅋ
Fricatives	voiceless	f /φ/ ㅍ		s /s/ ㅅ
	voiced	v /β/ ㅂ
Sonorants	voiceless					h /h/ ㅎ
	voiced	w /w/	l /l/ ㄹ		y /j/

Vowels

	Front		Central		Back
Close	i /i/ 이				u /u/ 우
Close-mid	e /e/ 에				o /o/ 오
Open			a /ä/ 아

Compound Vowels

	W			Y
a	ㅘ			ㅑ
e	ㅞ			ㅖ
o	ᆂ			ㅛ
u	ᆍ			ㅠ
i	ㅟ			ㅢ

Alphabet

• The Limli language has 17 phonemes.
• As the Limlis had no writing when discovered by the space travelers, a written alphabet was created by the anthropologists who were on the voyage. As they were Korean, they used the Hangul.
• The alphabetic order is the ganada order of 1446. I have transliterated them into the Latin alphabet for this study.
• The consonants are <k> ㄱ; <ń> ㄲ; <ǵ> ㅋ; <t> ㄷ; <n> ㄴ; <v> ㅂ; <f> ㅍ; <m> ㅁ; <s> ㅅ; <h> ㅎ; <l> ㄹ; <w> and <y>.
• The vowel inventory consists of <a> ㅏ; <e> ㅔ; <o> ㅗ ; <u> ㅜ and <i> ㅣ.

Limli: Syntax