|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| ==Part I - Phonology==
| |
| ===1.1 Consonant chart===
| |
|
| |
|
| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
| |
| !
| |
| !Labial
| |
| !Dental
| |
| !Alveolar
| |
| !Palato-alveolar
| |
| !Palatal
| |
| !Velar
| |
| !Glottal
| |
| |-
| |
| !Nasal
| |
| | align=center | m<br>מ
| |
| | align=center | n<br>נ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Stop<sup>1</sup>
| |
| | align=center | p/b<br><sup>2</sup>בּ/פּ
| |
| | align=center | t/d<br>דּ/תּ<sup>3</sup>
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | k/g<br>גּ/<sup>4</sup>כּ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | ' /ʔ/<br>ע<sup>5</sup>
| |
| |-
| |
| !Sibilant Affricate
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | ṡ /ʦ/<br>צ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Sibilant Fricative
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | s/z<br>ס<sup>6</sup>/ז
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | š /ʃ/<br>ש
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | h<br>ה<sup>7</sup>
| |
| |-
| |
| !Non-sibilant Fricative
| |
| | align=center | f/v<br>ב/פ
| |
| | align=center | ŧ<sup>8</sup> /θ/ / đ /ð/<br>ד/ת
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | x <x>/ɣ/ <gh><nowiki><q></nowiki><br>ג/כ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | x <ẋ><br>ח<sup>9</sup>
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Approximant
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | y<br>י
| |
| | align=center | w<br>ו
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Trill
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | r<br>ר
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Lateral approximant
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | l<br>ל
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===1.2 Notes===
| |
| *<sup>1</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Begadkefat|begadkepat]] consonants (p,g,d,k,t,b) are [[Wikipedia:Stop consonants|stops]] when word initial or when syllable initial following a consonant. Otherwise they are the respective [[Wikipedia:Fricative consonant|fricatives]] /f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /x/ or /ɣ/.
| |
| *<sup>2</sup> The [[Wikipedia:Dagesh|dagesh]] is used to mark the stop consonants.
| |
| *<sup>3</sup> ט ([[Wikipedia:Teth|tet]]) /t/ has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by ת ([[Wikipedia:Taw|taf]]) /t/.
| |
| *<sup>4</sup> ק ([[Wikipedia:Qoph|quf]]) has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by כ ([[Wikipedia:Ka|ka]]).
| |
| *<sup>5</sup> The glottal stop /ʔ/ (') <ע> is used only to separate contiguous vowels, e.g., '''na'ar''', boy.
| |
| *<sup>6</sup> שׂ ([[Wikipedia:Shin (letter)|sin]]) /s/ has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by ס ([[Wikipedia:Samekh|sámex]]). Thus, the shin dot is not needed on ש.
| |
| *<sup>7</sup> ה ([[Wikipedia:He (letter)|he]]) has been deleted when syllable final.
| |
| *<sup>8</sup> Not a fan of digraphs or of non-Latin letters, I use <ŧ> and <đ> for the non-sibilant fricatives.
| |
| *<sup>9</sup> <ẋ> is used to distinguish ח from כ.
| |
| * Use of the five final forms is optional.
| |
| * There are no geminate consonants.
| |
|
| |
| ===1.3 Vowel chart===
| |
|
| |
| {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
| |
| !
| |
| !Front
| |
| !Near Front
| |
| !Cental
| |
| !Back
| |
| |-
| |
| !Close
| |
| | align=center | i אִ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | u אֻ
| |
| |-
| |
| !Close-mid
| |
| | align=center | e אֵ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | o אׇ
| |
| |-
| |
| !Mid
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | ă <ə> אְ <sup>1</sup>
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Open
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center | a אַ
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| | align=center |
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| ===1.4 Notes===
| |
| *<sup>1</sup> Influenced by the Romanian ă.
| |
| *All vowels are of equal length.
| |
| *Syllabic vowels are written under alif, so there is no need for [[Wikipedia:Mater lectionis|''matres lectionis'']].
| |
