Senjecas - Georgian: Difference between revisions
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{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
! | ! | ||
! | |||
! colspan="2" | '''peműko'''<br>(labial) | ! colspan="2" | '''peműko'''<br>(labial) | ||
| | |||
! colspan="2" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental) | ! colspan="2" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental) | ||
| | |||
! colspan="2" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar) | ! colspan="2" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar) | ||
| | |||
! colspan="2" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal) | ! colspan="2" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiceless | ! rowspan="2" | Stops | ||
! voiceless | |||
| p | | p | ||
| პ | | პ | ||
! | |||
| t | | t | ||
| ტ | | ტ | ||
! | |||
| ṡ | | ṡ | ||
| წ | | წ | ||
! | |||
| k | | k | ||
| კ | | კ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| b | | b | ||
| ბ | | ბ | ||
! | |||
| d | | d | ||
| დ | | დ | ||
! | |||
| ż | | ż | ||
| ძ | | ძ | ||
! | |||
| g | | g | ||
| გ | | გ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiceless | ! rowspan="2" | Fricatives | ||
! voiceless | |||
| f | | f | ||
| ჶ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}<sup> | | ჶ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> | ||
! | |||
| þ | | þ | ||
| თ | | თ | ||
! | |||
| s | | s | ||
| ს | | ს | ||
! | |||
| x | | x | ||
| ხ | | ხ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| v | | v | ||
| ვ | | ვ | ||
! | |||
| ð | | ð | ||
| ჴ<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> | | ჴ<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> | ||
! | |||
| z | | z | ||
| ზ | | ზ | ||
! | |||
| ƣ | | ƣ | ||
| ღ | | ღ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiceless | ! rowspan="2" | Sonorants | ||
! voiceless | |||
| m̃ | | m̃ | ||
| ჳ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}<sup> | | ჳ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> | ||
! | |||
| ɫ | | ɫ | ||
| ჸ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}<sup> | | ჸ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> | ||
! | |||
| r | | r | ||
| რ | | რ | ||
! | |||
| h | | h | ||
| ჰ | | ჰ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| m | | m | ||
| მ | | მ | ||
! | |||
| l | | l | ||
| ლ | | ლ | ||
! | |||
| n | | n | ||
| ნ | | ნ | ||
! | |||
| ȝ | | ȝ | ||
| ჲ<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | | ჲ<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Labialization | |||
! | ! | ||
| sʷ | | sʷ | ||
| სჿ<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> | | სჿ<sup>{{Color|red|6}}</sup> | ||
|- | |||
! Palatalization | |||
! | |||
| sʲ | | sʲ | ||
| სჾ <sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> | | სჾ<sup>{{Color|red|7}}</sup> | ||
|} | |} | ||
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# The obsolete consonant <ჴ> (''hari'') is assigned the value /ð/. | # The obsolete consonant <ჴ> (''hari'') is assigned the value /ð/. | ||
# The obsolete consonant <ჸ> (''elifi'') is assigned the value /l̥/. | # The obsolete consonant <ჸ> (''elifi'') is assigned the value /l̥/. | ||
# The letter <ჲ> (''hie''), also called yota, is taken from the Svan language. | # The letter <ჲ> (''hie''), also called ''yota'', is taken from the Svan language. | ||
# The labial sign <ჿ> was used in Abkhaz for labialization of the preceding consonant. | # The labial sign <ჿ> was used in Abkhaz for labialization of the preceding consonant. | ||
# The hard sign <ჾ> was used in [[Wikipedia:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]] for velarization of the preceding consonant. It is assigned to mark palatalization. | # The hard sign <ჾ> was used in [[Wikipedia:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]] for velarization of the preceding consonant. It is assigned to mark palatalization. | ||
| Line 195: | Line 221: | ||
! | ! | ||
! colspan="2" | front | ! colspan="2" | front | ||
| | |||
! colspan="1" | near-front | ! colspan="1" | near-front | ||
| | |||
! colspan="2" | center | ! colspan="2" | center | ||
| | |||
! colspan="1" | near-back | ! colspan="1" | near-back | ||
| | |||
! colspan="2" | back | ! colspan="2" | back | ||
|- | |- | ||
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! short | ! short | ||
! long | ! long | ||
! | | | ||
! | |||
| | |||
! short | ! short | ||
! long | ! long | ||
| | |||
! | ! | ||
| | |||
! short | ! short | ||
! long | ! long | ||
| Line 213: | Line 247: | ||
| i - ი | | i - ი | ||
| ii - იი | | ii - იი | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| | |||
! | |||
| u - უ | | u - უ | ||
| uu - უუ | | uu - უუ | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| ĭ - ჷ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> | ! | ||
| ĭ - ჷ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> | |||
! | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| ŭ - ჽ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> | | ŭ - ჽ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup> | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! close-mid | ! close-mid | ||
| e - ჱ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> | | e - ჱ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> | ||
| ee - ჱჱ | | ee - ჱჱ | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| o - ჵ<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | | o - ჵ<sup>{{Color|red|5}}</sup> | ||
| oo - ჵჵ | | oo - ჵჵ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! mid | ! mid | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | ! | ||
| | |||
! | |||
| ĕ - ე<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> | | ĕ - ე<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | | ||
| | ! | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! open | ! open | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| a - ა | | a - ა | ||
| aa - აა | | aa - აა | ||
! | |||
| | | | ||
! | |||
| ǫ - ო | | ǫ - ო | ||
| ǫǫ - ოო | | ǫǫ - ოო | ||
Revision as of 17:53, 17 February 2020
Pronunciation table
| b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Consonants
| peműko (labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | voiceless | p | პ | t | ტ | ṡ | წ | k | კ | |||
| voiced | b | ბ | d | დ | ż | ძ | g | გ | ||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f | ჶ1 | þ | თ | s | ს | x | ხ | |||
| voiced | v | ვ | ð | ჴ3 | z | ზ | ƣ | ღ | ||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | m̃ | ჳ2 | ɫ | ჸ4 | r | რ | h | ჰ | |||
| voiced | m | მ | l | ლ | n | ნ | ȝ | ჲ5 | ||||
| Labialization | sʷ | სჿ6 | ||||||||||
| Palatalization | sʲ | სჾ7 | ||||||||||
Notes
- The letter <ჶ> /f/ (fi) is taken from the Laz language.
- The Svan letter <ჳ> (vie) /v/ (originally /w/) is assigned the value /m̥/.
- The obsolete consonant <ჴ> (hari) is assigned the value /ð/.
- The obsolete consonant <ჸ> (elifi) is assigned the value /l̥/.
- The letter <ჲ> (hie), also called yota, is taken from the Svan language.
- The labial sign <ჿ> was used in Abkhaz for labialization of the preceding consonant.
- The hard sign <ჾ> was used in Abkhaz for velarization of the preceding consonant. It is assigned to mark palatalization.
Vowels
| front | near-front | center | near-back | back | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |||||||
| close | i - ი | ii - იი | u - უ | uu - უუ | ||||||||
| near-close | ĭ - ჷ2 | ŭ - ჽ4 | ||||||||||
| close-mid | e - ჱ1 | ee - ჱჱ | o - ჵ5 | oo - ჵჵ | ||||||||
| mid | ĕ - ე3 | |||||||||||
| open | a - ა | aa - აა | ǫ - ო | ǫǫ - ოო | ||||||||
Notes
- The obsolete consonant ჱ (he) /h/ is assigned the value /e/.
- The vowel ჷ (yn) /ɨ/, obsolete in Georgian, is used for the schwa sound in Svan and Mingrelian. It is assigned the value of the weak vowel /ɪ/.
- The vowel ე (eni) is assigned the value /ə/.
- The obsolete vowel ჽ (aen), /ə/, was used in the Ossetian language when it was written in the Georgian script. It is assigned the value of the weak vowel /ŭ/.
- The obsolete letter <ჵ> (hoe) /ō/ is assigned the value of /o/.
Example
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
- őru tal̨őnu' še̋vus da eurþa̋sk̬e ȝomőmk̬e túȝa pa̋rus że̋na:
- oრუ ტალoნუ' სჿჱვუს და ჱურთასკჿჱ ჲoმoმკჿჱ ტუჲა პარუს ძჱნა.
