Senjecas - still: Difference between revisions

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==Glossing abbreviations==
==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = first person singular/plural
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|EQU = equative degree
|INS = instrument
|INS = instrument
|PST = past
|PRF = perfect
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = second person singular/plural
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|CONV = conversive
|CONV = conversive
|F = feminine
|F = feminine
|INT = intensive prefix
|INT = intensive prefix
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|
|3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|M = masculine
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|QUOT = direct quotation
|PST = past
|VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|DIM = diminutive
|FUT = future
|FUT = future
|OCC = occupation suffix
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|RPRF = recent perfective
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|IMP = imperative
|IMP = imperative
|PP = patient (past) participle
|M = masculine
|SBJ = subjunctive
|QUOT = direct quotation
|
|-
|-
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|PRF = perfect
|OCC = occupation suffix
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
|-
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|IND = indicative
|IND = indicative
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PP = patient (past) participle
|VBLZ = verbalizer
|SBJ = subjunctive
|
|}
|}


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!m-u||bőőulro-Ø||m̃ein-ős||þóós-'||al=bőőulro-Ø||m̃e̋in-om||ne̋l-a
!m-u||bőőulro-Ø||m̃ein-ős||þóós-'||al=bőőulro-Ø||m̃e̋in-om||ne̋l-a
|-
|-
|1s-N||bubbly-ABS||wine-G.s||as.opposed.to-ELIS||PRV-bubbly-ABS||wine-A.s||prefer-IND
|1s-N||bubbly-ABS||wine-G.s||as.opposed.to-ELIS||PRV=bubbly-ABS||wine-A.s||prefer-IND
|}
|}


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!éȝ-us||k̬ííl-vi||e=ṡűr-a||sííra||dı̋s-l-u||żőők-om||e=sűk-a
!éȝ-us||k̬ííl-vi||e=ṡűr-a||sííra||dı̋s-l-u||żőők-om||e=sűk-a
|-
|-
|they-N.s||still-ADV||PST=stand-IND||until||guard-AG-N.s||corner-A.s||PST=turn-IND
|3-N.p||still-ADV||PST=stand-IND||until||guard-AG-N.s||corner-A.s||PST=turn-IND
|}
|}




*'''9.''' '''éstu''' - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
*'''9.''' '''ódu''' - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
*Is it still raining?
*Is it still raining?
*'''éstu sűűm̃ame:'''
*'''ódu sűűm̃a me:'''
:{|
:{|
!éstu||sűűm̃-a-me
!ódu||sűűm̃-a||me
|-
|-
|still||rain-IND-Q
|still||rain-IND||Q
|}
|}




*'''10.''' '''estítu''' – to an even greater degree.
*'''10.''' '''ódu''' – to an even greater degree.
*I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still/even taller.
*I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still/even taller.
*'''mu gőxu vűűa: mu-ża̋mu gŭgőxu vűűa: mu-ta̋a̋ta estítu gŭgőxu vűűa:'''
*'''mu gőxu vűűa: mu-ża̋mu gŭgőxu vűűa: mu-ta̋a̋ta ódu gŭgőxu vűűa:'''
:{|
:{|
!m-u||gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ża̋m-u||gŭ~gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ta̋a̋t-a||estítu||gŭ~gőx-u||vűű-a
!m-u||gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ża̋m-u||gŭ~gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ta̋a̋t-a||ódu||gŭ~gőx-u||vűű-a
|-
|-
|1s-N||tall-N.s||be-IND||my=brother-N.s||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND||my=father-N.s||still||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND
|1s-N||tall-N.s||be-IND||my=brother-N.s||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND||my=father-N.s||still||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND
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*12. '''éstu''' – even, yet
*12. '''ódu''' – even, yet
*Some dogs howl, still more bark.
*Some dogs howl, still more bark.
*'''tı̋ı̋ðe na̋a̋ȝes ƣűma. éstu mĭme̋e̋es la̋a̋a:'''
*'''tı̋ı̋ðe na̋a̋ȝes ƣűma. ódu mĭme̋e̋es la̋a̋a:'''
:{|
:{|
!tı̋ı̋ðe-Ø||na̋a̋ȝ-es||ƣűm-a||éstu||mĭ~me̋e̋-es||la̋a̋-a
!tı̋ı̋ðe-Ø||na̋a̋ȝ-es||ƣűm-a||ódu||mĭ~me̋e̋-es||la̋a̋-a
|-
|-
|some-ABS||dog-N.p||howl-IND||still||ELT~much-N.p||bark-IND
|some-ABS||dog-N.p||howl-IND||still||ELT~much-N.p||bark-IND
|}
|}

Revision as of 18:04, 27 June 2019

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) CONV = conversive F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle SBJ = subjunctive


Verb

  • 1. k̬ı̋ı̋la - calm down, quiet
  • The Lord stilled the raging sea.
  • ande̋ru ra̋vante ma̋rem e-k̬ı̋ı̋la:
ande̋r-u ra̋v-a-nte-Ø ma̋r-em e=k̬ı̋ı̋l-a
lord-N.s rage-IND-AP-ABS sea-A.s PST=still-IND


  • 2. seiba̋ða - cause to fall by drops
  • The winter warmth stilled the icicles.
  • hema̋s te̋fta ṡ̨a̋a̋ton seiba̋ða:
hem-a̋s te̋ft-a ṡ̨a̋a̋t-on seib-a̋ð-a
winter-G.s warmth-N.s icicle-A.p drip-CAUS-IND


Noun

  • 3. k̬ı̋ı̋lta – a period of calm or silence
  • In the still of the night, Jesus was born.
  • ȝe̋su laata̋s k̬iilta̋s éna e-że̋na:
ȝe̋s-u laat-a̋s k̬iilt-a̋s éna e=że̋n-a
Jesus-N.s night-G.s still(ness)-G.s in PST=be.born-IND


  • 4. te̋e̋ƣlo – a device for distilling liquids
  • The still burst and its contents splashed everywhere.
  • te̋e̋ƣlo e-na̋ba da éȝu-ge̋raþos visáru e-gűűsa:
te̋e̋ƣ-l-o e=na̋b-a da éȝu=ge̋r-a-þ-os visáru e=gűűs-a
distill-AG-N.s PST=burst-IND and its=hold-IND-PP-N.s everywhere PST=spill-IND


Adjective

  • 5. k̬ı̋ı̋li – not moving, calm
  • The children became still when they heard the noise.
  • ṡɪ̋ṡus k̬ı̋ı̋lus e-ɪ̋la—méti þı̋mom e-ve̋na:
ṡɪ̋ṡ-us k̬ı̋ı̋l-us e=ɪ̋l-a méti þı̋m-om e=ve̋n-a
child-N.p still-N.p PST=become-IND when noise-A.s PST=hear-IND


  • 6. albőőuli - not effervescing; not sparkling
  • I prefer a still wine to a bubbly one.
  • mu bőőulro m̃einős þóós' albőőulro m̃e̋inom ne̋la:
m-u bőőulro-Ø m̃ein-ős þóós-' al=bőőulro-Ø m̃e̋in-om ne̋l-a
1s-N bubbly-ABS wine-G.s as.opposed.to-ELIS PRV=bubbly-ABS wine-A.s prefer-IND


  • 7. sa̋a̋mi – silent
  • After the deafening noise, all was still.
  • őro ƣomős pósa sa̋a̋mo e-vűűa
őr-o ƣom-ős pósa sa̋a̋m-o e=vűű-a
all-N.s loud.noise-G.s after silent-N.s PST=be-IND


Adverb

  • 8. k̬íílvi - without motion
  • They stood still until the guard turned the corner.
  • éȝus k̬íílvi e-ṡűra—sííra dı̋slu żőőkom e-sűka:
éȝ-us k̬ííl-vi e=ṡűr-a sííra dı̋s-l-u żőők-om e=sűk-a
3-N.p still-ADV PST=stand-IND until guard-AG-N.s corner-A.s PST=turn-IND


  • 9. ódu - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
  • Is it still raining?
  • ódu sűűm̃a me:
ódu sűűm̃-a me
still rain-IND Q


  • 10. ódu – to an even greater degree.
  • I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still/even taller.
  • mu gőxu vűűa: mu-ża̋mu gŭgőxu vűűa: mu-ta̋a̋ta ódu gŭgőxu vűűa:
m-u gőx-u vűű-a mu=ża̋m-u gŭ~gőx-u vűű-a mu=ta̋a̋t-a ódu gŭ~gőx-u vűű-a
1s-N tall-N.s be-IND my=brother-N.s ELT~tall-N.s be-IND my=father-N.s still ELT~tall-N.s be-IND


  • 11. sáámu – nevertheless
  • It is raining; still I'll go to the bakery.
  • sűűm̃a—mu sáámu vooƣde̋mom do u-a̋ta:
sűűm̃-a m-u sáámu vooƣ-de̋m-om do u=a̋t-a
rain-IND 1s-N still bake-building-A.s to FUT=go-IND


  • 12. ódu – even, yet
  • Some dogs howl, still more bark.
  • tı̋ı̋ðe na̋a̋ȝes ƣűma. ódu mĭme̋e̋es la̋a̋a:
tı̋ı̋ðe-Ø na̋a̋ȝ-es ƣűm-a ódu mĭ~me̋e̋-es la̋a̋-a
some-ABS dog-N.p howl-IND still ELT~much-N.p bark-IND
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