User:Melroch/Rhodrese

This as yet unnamed Romlang initially has the developments you would expect from a Western Romance language. However at a later time there is vowel mutation by a high or low vowel (a < ă/ā, i < ī, u < ū), with final vowels later being lost, or in the case of -a being reduced to -e [ə]. Somewhat unexpectedly plurals of the first declension show forms as if the a-mutated vowels of the singular had later undergone i-mutation. This most certainly is due to analogy with the second and third declension rather than to a preserved [ai̥] ending — or did an ending pronounced [æ] cause such a 'double' mutation?

Stressed vowels

Latin	VL	W. Rmc.	No mut.	a-mut.	i-mut	a/i-mut.	u-mut.
ī	ị	ĭ	i	e	i		iu > eu /y/
		ī		ie
ĭ	į	ẹ̆	e	e	i		oe /ø/ > e
		ẹ̄	ei	ie
ē	ẹ	ẹ̆	e	e	i		oe > e
		ẹ̄	ei	ie
ĕ	ę	ę̆	e	e	i		oe> e
		ę̄	ie	ie			ue /yø/ > /ye
ă, ā	a	a	a	a	ae /æ/ > e		o
ŏ	ǫ	ǫ̆	o	o	e		o
		ǭ	uo	uo	ue		uo
ō	ọ	ọ̆	o	o	oe > e		o
		ọ̄	ou	uo	eu	ue	ou
ŭ	ų	ọ̆	o	o	oe > e		o
		ọ̄	ou	uo	eu	ue	ou
ū	ụ	ŭ	u	o	iu > eu	oe > e	u
		ū		uo		ue

Consonants

Consonant correspondences

VL	Initial	Geminate	Final		Intervocalic
			Primary	Secondary	Pretonic	Posttonic
p	p		n/a	p	b
t	t		t	t	d
ć [c]	c [ts]	x [tʃ] > tx^	n/a	z > ç[ts]	z[dz]
c	c, ch[k]		Ø	c	g, gh[g]
b	b		n/a	f	v
d	d		Ø		d	Ø
ǵ [ɟ]'	g[dʒ]		n/a	i, y[j]i, y	g(i) [dʒ] (> [ʒ]?	i, y
j	i > j [dʒ]	n/a
g	g, ghg		Ø	g		Ø
pj	(pj pi)		n/a	uj, bi >be
tj	c(i)[ts]	c(i)		z > ç	c(i)
kj		x
bj	(bj bi)			uj, vi >ve
dj	z[dz]			z > ç [ts]'	g(i) (> j)
gj	g(i)			x > tx
m	m		Ø		m
n	n		Ø		n
mb	n/a		n/a	m	mb
nd				n	nd
ng				ng[ŋ]	ng[ŋg]
mj	gn(i) [ɲ]			(i)gn[ɲ]	gn(i)
nj, gn, cĭn > ć’n
lj, gl, gĭl, gĕl, dĭl, dĕl	gl(i) [ʎ]	*ggl > gl, ghl(i)		(i)gl [ʎ], gl(i)
cĭl, cĕl, cĭl, cĕl		*ccĺ > cl, chl(i)
cŭl, cŏl, căl > c’l	cl, chl(i)[kl]			gu > go	gl, ghl(i), (i)ghl
tŭl, tŏl, tăl > t’l
gŭl, gŏl, găl > g’l	gl, ghl(i)[gl]	*ggl > gl, ghl(i)		l		l
dŭl, dŏl, dăl > d’l
s	s [s]	ss [s]	Ø	s	s [z]
sj	sc(i) [ʃ]		n/a	-is, -sz > sç (all [ʃ])	si [ʒ] (> j ?)
sc´, scj	sc(i)	n/a
ct	n/a			x > tx
gĭd					g(i) > j
cĭt, cĕt
tĭc, tĕc
pt		t		t
pĭt, bĭt, vĭt		ut		ut
pĭd, bĭd, vĭd		uj		uj

Random notes on consonants

Intervocalic b > v; g' > j i; p, t, k', k > b, d, g', g but tj, kj > voiceless ts, gj > [dʒ] gi. Unpalatalized original g tends to disappear.

Initial k', kj, tj > ts c(i); initial g', gj > [dʒ] (g)i.

dj in all positions > [dz] z.

ct > [tʃ] spelled x, while actual x = ks > s or undergoes metathesis to sk, which may be palatalized to [ʃ] 'sc(i) along with original sc.

Voiced stops and affricates ending up final after the loss of final vowels become devoiced, spelled p, t, z [ts] (later ç), (i)x [tʃ], c.

Final [ʃ] is spelled V(i)ss/Vis, later sç, with occasionally sz/sx in early texts.

Word initial ie, ue, uo are spelled hie, hue, huo, since the normal medieval pronunciation of initial prevocalic i, u was j, v.

The vowels [æ] ae and [ø] oe were found in the earliest texts, but later merged with e, while [y] eu and. The spelling ue remained, but probably shifted from [yø] to [ye].

A k, g, sk before a front vowel that arose through mutation wasn't palatalized. They are spelled ch, gh, sch.