Senjecas - Georgian: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 10:25, 9 September 2018
Pronunciation table
| p | b | f | v | m̃ | m | t | d | þ | ð | ɫ | l | ṡ | ż | s | z | r | n | k | g | x | ƣ | h | ȝ | š | s̨ | i | e | a | ǫ | o | u | ĭ | ĕ | ŭ | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | /b/ | /ɸ/ | /β/ | /m̥/ | /m/ | /t/ | /d/ | /θ/ | /ð/ | /l̥/ | /l/ | /ʦ/ | /ʣ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɾ̥/ | /n/ | /k/ | /g/ | /ç/ | /ʝ/ | /j̊/ | /j/ | /sʷ/ | /sʲ/ | /i/ | /e/ | /ä/ | /ɒ/ | /o/ | /u/ | /ɪ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʊ/ |
Consonants
| peműko (labial) |
riisűko (dental) |
muitűko (alveolar) |
vainűko (palatal) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| voiceless stop | p | პ | t | ტ | ṡ | წ | k | კ |
| voiced stop | b | ბ | d | დ | ż | ძ | g | გ |
| voiceless fricative | f | ჶ1 | þ | თ̇ | s | ს | χ | ხ |
| voiced fricative | v | ვ | ð | თ | z | ზ | ƣ | ღ |
| voiceless sonorant | m̃ | ჳ2 | ɫ | ლ̇ | r | რ | h | ჰ |
| voiced sonorant | m | მ | l | ლ | n | ნ | ȝ | ჲ3 |
| Labialization and Palatalization | ||||||||
| sʷ | სჿ | sʲ | სჾ | |||||
Notes
- The letter <ჶ> /f/ is taken from the Laz language.
- The Svan letter <ჳ> (vie) /v/ is assigned the value /m̥/.
- The letter <ჲ> is taken from the Svan language.
Vowels
| front | near-front | center | near-back | back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |||
| close | i - ი | ii -ი̄1 | u - უ | uu - უ̄ | ||||
| near-close | ĭ - ჽ2 | ŭ - ჽ | ||||||
| close-mid | e - ე | ee - ე̄ | o - ჵ4 | oo - ჵ̄ | ||||
| mid | ĕ - ჷ3 | |||||||
| open | a - ა | aa - ა̄ | ǫ - ო | ǫǫ - ო̄ | ||||
Notes
- The use of the macron to indicate vowel length is taken from the Svan language.
- The obsolete letter <ჵ> (hoe) /ō/ is assigned the value of /o/.
- ჽ (aen), /ə/, was used in the Ossetian language when it was written in the Georgian script. It is assigned the values of the weak vowels /ĭ/ and /ŭ/.
- ჷ (yn) /ɨ/, obsolete in Georgian, is still used in Mingrelian, Laz and Svan. It is assigned the value of the weak vowel /ĕ/.
Example
- The living language is like a cow-path.
- It is the creation of the cows themselves,
- who, having created it, follow it or depart from it according to their whims or their needs.
- From daily use, the path undergoes change.
- A cow is under no obligation to stay.
- ǧı̋ı̋a ȝe̋ka m̃axf̨oolő' sóma e̋sa:
- mi-m̃axe̋m ƥűta e̋sa.
- éȝom pŭƥűtantes eȝe-m̃eðta̋mm̃' eȝe-iiƣra̋mm̃e épa éȝom da̋ga m̃o éȝom vı̋da:
- f̨őőlo a̋ho neudős ha me̋iþa:
- m̃a̋xe ɠa̋a̋lu bőþa ne⁝
- გჿი̄ა ჲეკა ჳახჶჾჵ̄ლ̇ჵ' სჵმა ესა:
- მი-ჳახემ პჾუტა ესა.
- ეჲჵმ პჽპჾტანტეს ეჲე-ჳეთტამჳ' ეჲე-ი̄ღრამჳე ეპა ეჲჵმ დაგა ჳჵ ეჲჵმ ვიდა:
- ჶჾჵ̄ლ̇ჵ აჰჵ ნეუდჵს ჰა მეიხა:
- ჳახე გჾა̄ლუ ბჵხა ნე⁝
