Senjecas - Georgian: Difference between revisions

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<center>'''kartávelȝe̋ka''' (Greek) - </center>
<center>'''kartávelȝe̋ka''' (Georgian) - კარტაველჲეკა</center>


==Consonants==
==Consonants==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!p
!  
!b
! colspan="2" | '''peműko'''<br>(labial)
!f
! colspan="2" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
!v
! colspan="2" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
!m̃
! colspan="2" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
!m
|-
|
! voiceless stop
|
| p
!t
| პ
!d
| t
!þ
| ტ
!ð
| ṡ
!ɫ
| წ
!l
| k
|
| კ
|
!ṡ
!ż
!s
!z
!r
!n
|
|
!k
!g
!x
!ƣ
!h
!ȝ
|
|
!sʷ
!sʲ
|-
|-
| პ
! voiced stop
| b
| ბ  
| ბ  
| ჶ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>  
| d
| ვ  
| დ
| ჳ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>  
| ż
| მ  
| ძ
| g
| გ
|-
! voiceless fricative
| f
| ჶ<sup>{{Color|red|1}}<sup>
| þ
| თ̇
| s
| ს
| χ
| ხ
|-
! voiced fricative
| v
| ვ
| ð
| თ
| z
| ზ
| ƣ
| ღ
|-
! voiceless sonorant
| m̃
| ჳ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}<sup>
| ɫ
| ლ̇
| r
| რ
| h
| ჰ
|-
! voiced sonorant
| m
| მ
| l
| ლ
| n
| ნ
| ȝ
| ჲ<sup>{{Color|red|3}}<sup>
|-
!
! colspan="8" | Labialization and Palatalization
|-
|
|
|
| sʷ
|ტ
| სჿ
|დ
| sʲ
|თ̇
| სჾ
|თ
|ლ̇
|ლ
|
|
|წ
|ძ
|ს
|ზ
|რ
|ნ
|
|
|კ
|გ
|ხ
|ღ
|ჰ
|ჲ<sup>{{color|red|3}}</sup>
|
|
|სჿ
|ჶჾ
|}
|}


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==Vowels==
==Vowels==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
!i
!  
!ii
! colspan="2" | front
!e
! colspan="1" | near-front
!ee
! colspan="2" | center
!a
! colspan="1" | near-back
!aa
! colspan="2" | back
!ǫ
|-
!ǫǫ
!  
!o
! short
!oo
! long
!u
!
!uu
! short
! long
!
! short
! long
|-
! close
| i - ი
| ii -ი̄<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
|
|
|
|
|
|
!ĭ
| u - უ
!ĕ
| uu - უ̄
!ŭ
|-
|-
|ი
! near-close
|ი̄<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup>
|  
|ე
|  
|ე̄
| ĭ - ჽ<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
|ა
|  
|ა̄
|  
|ო
| ŭ - ჽ
|ო̄
|ჵ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
|ჵ̄
|უ
|უ̄
|
|
|
|
|ჽ<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup>
|-
|ჷ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
! close-mid
|ჽ
| e - ე
| ee - ე̄
|
|
|
|
| o - ჵ<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup>
| oo - ჵ̄
|-
! mid
|
|
|
| ĕ - ჷ<sup>{{Color|red|4}}</sup>
|  
|
|
|
|-
! open
|
|
|
| a - ა
| aa - ა̄
|
| ǫ - ო
| ǫǫ - ო̄
|-
|}
|}


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*From daily use, the path undergoes change.
*From daily use, the path undergoes change.
*A cow is under no obligation to stay.
*A cow is under no obligation to stay.
*-[[Wikipedia:E. B. White|E. B. White]]
:::::-[[Wikipedia:E. B. White|E. B. White]]




Revision as of 10:22, 9 September 2018

Pronunciation table

p b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


kartávelȝe̋ka (Georgian) - კარტაველჲეკა

Consonants

peműko
(labial) 		riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal)
voiceless stop p პ t ტ ṡ წ k კ
voiced stop b ბ d დ ż ძ g გ
voiceless fricative f ჶ1 þ თ̇ s ს χ ხ
voiced fricative v ვ ð თ z ზ ƣ ღ
voiceless sonorant m̃ ჳ2 ɫ ლ̇ r რ h ჰ
voiced sonorant m მ l ლ n ნ ȝ ჲ3
Labialization and Palatalization
sʷ სჿ sʲ სჾ

Notes

  1. The letter <ჶ> /f/ is taken from the Laz language.
  2. The Svan letter <ჳ> (vie) /v/ is assigned the value /m̥/.
  3. The letter <ჲ> is taken from the Svan language.


Vowels

front near-front center near-back back
short long short long short long
close i - ი ii -ი̄1 u - უ uu - უ̄
near-close ĭ - ჽ3 ŭ - ჽ
close-mid e - ე ee - ე̄ o - ჵ2 oo - ჵ̄
mid ĕ - ჷ4
open a - ა aa - ა̄ ǫ - ო ǫǫ - ო̄

Notes

  1. The use of the macron to indicate vowel length is taken from the Svan language.
  2. The obsolete letter <ჵ> (hoe) /ō/ is assigned the value of /o/.
  3. ჽ (aen), /ə/, was used in the Ossetian language when it was written in the Georgian script. It is assigned the values of the weak vowels /ĭ/ and /ŭ/.
  4. ჷ (yn) /ɨ/, obsolete in Georgian, is still used in Mingrelian, Laz and Svan. It is assigned the value of the weak vowel /ĕ/.


Example

  • The living language is like a cow-path.
  • It is the creation of the cows themselves,
  • who, having created it, follow it or depart from it according to their whims or their needs.
  • From daily use, the path undergoes change.
  • A cow is under no obligation to stay.
-E. B. White


  • ǧı̋ı̋a ȝe̋ka m̃axf̨oolő' sóma e̋sa:
  • mi-m̃axe̋m ƥűta e̋sa.
  • éȝom pŭƥűtantes eȝe-m̃eðta̋mm̃' eȝe-iiƣra̋mm̃e épa éȝom da̋ga m̃o éȝom vı̋da:
  • f̨őőlo a̋ho neudős ha me̋iþa:
  • m̃a̋xe ɠa̋a̋lu bőþa ne⁝


  • გჿი̄ა ჲეკა ჳახჶჾჵ̄ლ̇ჵ' სჵმა ესა:
  • მი-ჳახემ პჾუტა ესა.
  • ეჲჵმ პჽპჾტანტეს ეჲე-ჳეთტამჳ' ეჲე-ი̄ღრამჳე ეპა ეჲჵმ დაგა ჳჵ ეჲჵმ ვიდა:
  • ჶჾჵ̄ლ̇ჵ აჰჵ ნეუდჵს ჰა მეიხა:
  • ჳახე გჾა̄ლუ ბჵხა ნე⁝
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