Talk:Siye Verbal Morphology: Difference between revisions

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==Converbals==
==Converbals==


-nam- 'begin to X but didn't finish
-teku- + NEG 'to fear doing' Aversive (AVE)


-neme- 'can't stop Xing' (+imperfective)
-teku- governs negative polarity. Negation of the aversive converbal is standard negation.


le kenolo elapunemetuma.
siye melo eleyoputekutumu.


I can't stop buying books.
I fear to listen to these words.


-teka- 'should X' (+ma, +mu)
-yosaku- + IRLS (* + RLS)


-teka- triggers the realis mood.
-yosaku- governs irrealis mood, even though its sense is realis, because it is derived from the dubitative (DUB) -yosa- + IRLS.


(Le) nesakam elesupusum' 'teka' 'sume.
I should send a letter.
-teka- 'would like to X' (+me, +meku)
-teka- triggers the subjunctive or contrafactual moods.
(Le) nesakam elesupusum' 'teka' 'sume.
I would like to send a letter.
==Dummy Verbs with Converbals==
Many concepts expressed as independent verbs in English and other terrestrial languages are expressed by a dummy verb with a converbal suffix. The intransitive dummy verb is kim 'to be'. The transitive verb is nu/ke 'to do/make'.
-te-
elenuputema.
I want it.
-ka-
elekepukana.
I have resolved to do it.
lekimpukana.
I am resolved.
elenupunamma.
I began to do it.
==Extended Verbal Roots==
The only verbal root extension documented so far is the augmentive suffix -po.
im yimpuna.
The wind is blowing
impo yimpopusuna.
The North Wind blew mightily.


==Participle Structure==
==Participle Structure==
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7. Nominalizer
7. Nominalizer
-ki: passive, instrumental
namtunaki- - door; itumaki- - key
-kim: locative
amakim- - market
-yam: active, ergative
amayam- - merchant
susumsuyam- - messenger, missionary


8. Grammatical Number
8. Grammatical Number


9. Case
9. Case

Revision as of 09:35, 10 April 2018

Converbals

-teku- + NEG 'to fear doing' Aversive (AVE)

-teku- governs negative polarity. Negation of the aversive converbal is standard negation.

siye melo eleyoputekutumu.

I fear to listen to these words.

-yosaku- + IRLS (* + RLS)

-yosaku- governs irrealis mood, even though its sense is realis, because it is derived from the dubitative (DUB) -yosa- + IRLS.


Participle Structure

Siye participles are derived from Siye verbs. The verb is stripped of its pronominal prefixes and therefore the person suffix. Roots which supplete according to aspect still do so. There are in fact more suppletive roots for participles than finite verbs, since the initial stress and the lack of any pronominal prefixes preserved weak verb-initial roots. The characteristic suffix of the participle is the nominalizer. There are three nominalizing suffixes -yam, -ki, -kim, which convert the participle to a nominal stem which can take number and case suffixes. -yam creates active, mostly animate nouns; these are usually imperfective unless the converbal suffix requires perfective. -ki creates passive, mostly inanimate nouns; counter-intuitively, it also creates instrumental nouns. In general, the participles with perfective aspect have a passive meaning, while those with imperfective aspect have instrumental meaning. -kim creates inanimate place names.

1. Root

2. Causative

3. Converbal

4. Directional

5. Aspect

6. Mode

7. Nominalizer

8. Grammatical Number

9. Case