User:Masako/nkala: Difference between revisions
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= verbs = | = verbs = | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|-− | |||
!tense/mood !! particle !! example !! translation | |||
|- | |||
| present || - || '''alo''' || walk | |||
|- | |||
|past ||'''-le''' ||'''alole''' ||walked | |||
|- | |||
|future ||'''sa''' ||'''sa alo''' ||will walk | |||
|- | |||
|conditional ||'''-ya''' ||'''aloya''' || would walk | |||
|} | |||
== verb modifiers == | == verb modifiers == | ||
Revision as of 20:23, 24 March 2018
phonology
consonants
- nasals: /m n ɲ/ m n ny
- plosives: /p t k kʷ/ p t k kw
- continuants: /s l/ s l
- semivowels: /j w/ y w
All plosives, except the glottal stop, can be prenasalized: /ᵐp ⁿt ᵑk ᵑkʷ/.
vowels
Kata has five vowels /i/, /u/, /e/, /o/ and /a/. Each occurs in both stressed and unstressed syllables.
syllable structure
All syllables are of the form (C)V(N), that is, optional consonant + vowel + optional final nasal, or V, CV, VN, CVN. As in most languages, CV is the most common syllable type.
phonotactics
morphology
Kata
nouns
pronouns
Kata has the basic pronouns wa (first person), ni (second person), and o (third person). They do not specify number or gender. Thus, o can mean "he", "she", or "it". The general plural affix -lo is used to mark number.
possession
noun modifiers
- x - xx
number
Nouns are marked for various quantities:
- -lo - general plural
verbs
| tense/mood | particle | example | translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| present | - | alo | walk |
| past | -le | alole | walked |
| future | sa | sa alo | will walk |
| conditional | -ya | aloya | would walk |
verb modifiers
- -le - past tense [PST]
particles
syntax
lexicon
samples
- wa wita ni - 1 see 2 - I see you.
