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| * ''See also'': [[Ilya/lexicon|Ilya dictionary]]
| | <div class="boilerplate metadata" id="inuse" style="background: #fcc; border: 1px solid #aaa; margin: 0 2.5%; padding: 0 10px"> |
| * ''See also'': [[Ilya/phrases|Ilya phrases]]
| | <font size="3">'''This project has been abandoned.'''</font><br /> |
| | | </div> |
| = introduction =
| | [[User:Masako|masako]] ([[User talk:Masako|talk]]) |
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| Ilya is an [[WP:Artistic_language|artlang]] designed for aesthetic reasons. It borrows heavily (if not exclusively) from [[wiktionary:Category:Arabic_language|Arabic]], [[wiktionary:Category:Basque_language|Basque]], [[wiktionary:Category:Japanese_language|Japanese]], [[wiktionary:Category:Quechua_language|Quechua]], [[wiktionary:Category:Spanish_language|Spanish]], and [[wiktionary:Category:Turkish_language|Turkish]].
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| = sounds =
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 600px;"
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| |+ '''consonants'''
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| |-
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| <!-- Heading row -->
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| !
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| !Bilabial
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| !Alveolar
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| !Palatal
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| !Velar
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| !Labiovelar
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| !Glottal
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| |- align="center" <!-- Stops -->
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| ! Plosives
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| | {{IPA|p b}}
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| | {{IPA|t d}}
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| | {{IPA|k g}}
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| | {{IPA|ʔ}} ('''q''')
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Nasals
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| | {{IPA|m}}
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| | {{IPA|n}}
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Fricatives
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| | {{IPA|s}}
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| | {{IPA|ʃ}} ('''sh''')
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| |- align="center"
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| ! Approximants
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| | {{IPA|l}}
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| | {{IPA|j}} ('''y''')
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| | {{IPA|w}}
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| | {{IPA|h}}
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| |-
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| ! Trill
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| | align="center"|{{IPA|r}}
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| |}
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| <small>Note: The glottal stop /ʔ/ '''q''', is used as a "buffer" to keep vowels apart when adding suffixes.</small>
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |+vowels
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| !
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| !Front
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| !Central
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| !Back
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Close
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| |i~ɪ || || u~ʊ
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Mid
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| |e~ɛ || || o
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| |- style="text-align:center;"
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| !Open
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| | || a~ə ||
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| |}
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| = nouns =
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| == number ==
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| Nouns are commonly preceded by determiners. Plural nouns are formed by appending -'''im'''. Dual nouns are formed by appending -'''ik'''. Trial nouns are formed by appending -'''ur'''. This does not alter the stress:
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| == gender ==
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| == case ==
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| === nominative ===
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| The basic form of each noun, and the one cited in dictionaries, is the nominative singular. All the other forms can be derived from it.
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| === oblique ===
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| * -'''o''' / -'''wa'''
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| : '''beto''' - the house, to the house, etc.
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| === genitive ===
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| The genitive for possessors (the horse's hay), composition (a meal of hay), and partiality (the horse ate some hay).
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| * -'''ai''' / -'''ya'''
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| : '''munwa betai''' - the door of the house
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| === locative ===
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| The locative case is used for:
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| : location (... 'in the ocean'; ... 'in the city')
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| : placement in time (... 'at night'; ... 'in the winter') | |
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| * -'''(u)sh''' / -'''da'''
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| : '''betush''' - in, at, on the house
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| === instrumental ===
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| The instrumental expresses what an action is performed with. An important use of the instrumental is as an adverbial, since '''Ilya''' lacks a morphological adverb.
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| * -'''ak''' / -'''ha'''
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| : '''betak''' - using; with the house
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| == degree ==
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| = pronouns =
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 300px;"
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| |-
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| !
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| ! nominative
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| ! accusative
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| ! genitive
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| |-
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| | '''1s''' || '''-an''' || '''ayan''' || '''nai'''
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| |-
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| | '''2s''' || '''-ti''' / '''-e''' || '''eti''' / '''aye''' || '''tiya'''
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| |-
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| | '''3s''' || '''-u''' / '''-a''' || '''aya''' || '''ai'''
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| |-
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| | '''1p''' || '''-uk''' || '''ayuk''' || '''kai'''
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| |-
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| | '''2p''' || '''-ut''' || '''ayut''' || '''tai'''
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| |-
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| | '''3p''' || '''-um''' || '''ayum''' || '''mai'''
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| |}
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| == case ==
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| == demonstrative ==
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| = prepositions =
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| = adjectives =
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| == comparison ==
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| = numbers =
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width: 800px;"
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| |+
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| |-
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| ! Ilya
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| ! number
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| ! English
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| ! Ilya
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| ! number
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| ! English
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| ! Ilya
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| ! number
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| ! English
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| |-
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| | '''nul''' || 0 || zero || '''sha''' || 6 || six || '''kishada''' || 500 || five hundred
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| |-
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| | '''wa''' || 1 || one || '''seb''' || 7 || seven || '''hesha''' || 10<sup>3</sup> || (one) thousand
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| |-
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| | '''ni''' || 2 || two || '''oka''' || 8 || eight || '''dahesh''' || 10<sup>4</sup> || ten thousand
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| |-
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| | '''ush''' || 3 || three || '''nen''' || 9 || nine || '''sadahesh''' || 10<sup>5</sup> || (one) hundred thousand
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| |-
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| | '''ha''' || 4 || four || '''da''' || 10 || ten || ''' ''' || ||
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| |-
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| | '''kish''' || 5 || five || '''sada''' || 100 || (one) hundred || ''' ''' || ||
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| |}
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| == ordinal ==
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| = questions =
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| = verbs =
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| Verbs are the workhorses of '''Ilya'''. They can mark for both agent and patient as well as tense. Many simple sentences are composed of only a verb. Generally, verb roots start and end with a consonant.
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| == tense ==
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| Non-past is not marked. Past tense is marked with '''-esh''', and remote with '''-ur'''.
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| * '''mashan''' - <small>walk-1SG</small> - I walk. / I am walking.
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| * '''masheshuk''' - <small>walk-PST-1PL</small> - We walked.
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| * '''mashuru''' - <small>walk-REM-3SG</small> - She (has already) walked.
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| == aspect ==
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| == mood ==
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| == special verbs ==
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| = syntax =
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| * '''da / ush''' - Locative [LOC]
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| * '''ha / ak''' - Instrumental [INSTR]
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| * '''em''' - interrogative [Q]
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| * '''ey''' - accusative [ACC]
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| * '''ib''' - dative [DAT]
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| * '''im / m''' - plural [PL]
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| * '''ur''' - remote tense [REM]
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| * '''ya / ai''' - Genitive [GEN]
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| * '''eyem''' - food; sustenance
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| * '''iyib''' - heart
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| * '''sha''' - six; 6
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| * '''da''' - ten; 10
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| * '''ha''' - four; 4
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| * '''hesha''' - thousand; 1000
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| * '''kish''' - five; 5
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| * '''nen''' - nine; 9
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| * '''ni''' - two; 2
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| * '''nul''' - zero; 0
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| * '''oka''' - eight; 8
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| * '''ush''' - three; 3
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| * '''sada''' - hundred; 100
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| * '''seb''' - seven; 7
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| * '''uk''' - we; us
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| * '''um''' - they; them
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| * '''u / a / il''' - he; she; it
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| * '''ut''' - you [pl]
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| * '''ti / e''' - you
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| * '''da-ra''' - give; donate; transfer
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| * '''hab-ra''' - like; enjoy
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| * '''nap-ra''' - listen; hear
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| * '''pan-ek''' - stagger; stumble; totter
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| * '''ash-ek''' - want; desire
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| * '''em-ek''' - ask; request
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| * '''sob-ra''' - collect; gather
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| * '''suh-ek''' - hang; suspend
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| * '''yib-ra''' - pump
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| = examples =
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| * '''ray-an-ti'''
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| : see-1s-2s | |
| : ''I see you''
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| * '''ne shab-an'''
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| : NEG know-1s
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| : ''I don't know''
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| * '''ma ed-e'''
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| : what do-2s
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| : ''What are you doing?''
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| * '''ish-esh-em-il-u'''
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| : drink-PST-Q-3s-3s
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| : ''Did she drink it?''
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| * '''bet-im-wa kai ker-um'''
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| : houe-PL-OBL 1p.poss red-3p
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| : ''Our houses are red''
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| [[Category:Conlangs]]
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