Proto-Uralic/I: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
| "mouse"
| "mouse"
| *hiiri || - || *šeŋəŕ || - || ''*šɨr'' || egeer<br/>: egere- || *täŋkər || *ɬööŋkər || -
| *hiiri || - || *šeŋəŕ || - || ''*šɨr'' || '''egeer'''<br/>: '''egere-''' || *täŋkər || *ɬööŋkər || -
|-
| "behind"
| *möö- || *mɤŋē || mej- || Hi məŋge ~<br/>Me '''möŋgö''' || K. ''mɨ-śt'' || mëg || CMs *män-t || - || -
| F *iwä > *üwä > *öö
|-
| "illness"
| *kitu- || - || - || - || ''*kɨž'' || - || - || ''*kečə'' || -
|-
| "prop"
| - || - ||style="color:red"| *ńežə- || - || K. ''mɨdž'' || - || E määs || ''*me₂č'' || -
| Fi. nyde better < *nüðə
|-
| "conifer branch"
| - || - || - || *lüjəš || ''*lɨs(k-)'' || - || - || style="color:red"| *leepəs || -
|-
| "rise (of water)"
| - || - || - || - || K. ''ɨt-va'' || - || - || *eepət- || -
|-
| "spark"
| *kipen-- || *kɤpɤ || - || - || K. ''*kɨń'' || - || - || - || -
| S "gunk, cover", semantics?? F also ''*küben''
|-
|-
| "threshing<br/>ground"
| "threshing<br/>ground"
Line 102: Line 123:
| "thick; big"
| "thick; big"
| - || - || *ečkɜ || - || K. ''*ɨdžɨt'' || - || - || - || -
| - || - || *ečkɜ || - || K. ''*ɨdžɨt'' || - || - || - || -
| maybe *ü?
| medials?
|-
|-
| "all"
| "all"

Revision as of 02:57, 10 October 2016

Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordv. Mari Permic Hung. Mansi Khanty Samoy. Comments
*i_ə = std. PU *i_i (F *i_i, S *ɤ_ɤ, Mo *e, P *i, Ms *ä, Kh *ee, Smy *i) old cases mostly *CVCV(CV)?
"to suck" *ime- ńɤmɤ- - - K. ńim- ëm- - *eem- *ńim-, *əm- Two variants *imə-, *ńimə-
"stone" *kivi - kev *küj U. ~ K. ki köö
: köve-
*käw *kööɣ -
"year ring" *süü *sēvɤ - *šĭja *si - *täw - *tiə *siwə?
"name" *nimi *nɤmɤ *ľem *lü̆m *ńim neev
: neve-
*näm *neem *nim Cf. IE; PBS *inmen-
"long" *pit-kä - - - - fël-, föl- *pälit *peL- *pir-
"tooth, flint" *pii - pej *püj *piń fog *päŋk *pööŋk *pəj S. *pānē probly unrelated. Smy. cf. *suŋə > *təŋ
"hedgehog" *siili - *śejəľ Hi. šülə ~
Me. šulo
- †sül "soule" - - *śixələ, ix > iw > ü in H?
"ceiling space" *sii- - - - *śig - - *siiŋ *seŋ
"last" *vii- - - - - veeg - - -
"to kill" - *fɤðō-
"to beat"
- - *vijɨ- öl- *äl- *weeL- H+Ms *wi- > *ü-. S. *vɤlē- "jump" to be excluded.
"to scrape" - - - - *ńir- ńiir(o)- - - Ne. ńira-
"cloud" *pilvi *pɤlvɤ peľ *pĭl *piľ- felhöö - *peLəŋ - Kh. *e / _CC?
"to smell" - KiT *lɤkɤ - - - - - Vj ɭööɣ- -
"connecting river" - - - *wiš *vis(k-) *äɣt - - - StUE4. Ms *wi- > *ü-.
"tongs" *pihti *pɤstɤ peš - K. peš - - - -
"new" *nükü - Er. ńej
~ Mk. ni
- *ni - - - - *i-ü > *ü-ü in F.
"to stay" *püsü- - *pezə- pižä- - - - - - *i-ü > *ü-ü in F.
""
"visible" *ilmi *ɤlmɤ - - - - - - - ← *ilma
"wonder" *imeh *ɤmɤs - - - - - - - ← B?
"5" *viici *vītɤ *veťɜ *vĭć *vit öt(ö-) *ät *weet *wüt H+Ms *wi- > *ü-. FS *wiitə.
"gadfly" - - - - - - *päləm *peeLəm #pil-
"to pull" - - - - - ńer- *ńär-əmt- *ńeer- - CMs *ńä- > *ńi-
Permic *ɨ (default in non-palatal environs?)
"mouse" *hiiri - *šeŋəŕ - *šɨr egeer
: egere-
*täŋkər *ɬööŋkər -
"behind" *möö- *mɤŋē mej- Hi məŋge ~
Me möŋgö
K. mɨ-śt mëg CMs *män-t - - F *iwä > *üwä > *öö
"illness" *kitu- - - - *kɨž - - *kečə -
"prop" - - *ńežə- - K. mɨdž - E määs *me₂č - Fi. nyde better < *nüðə
"conifer branch" - - - *lüjəš *lɨs(k-) - - *leepəs -
"rise (of water)" - - - - K. ɨt-va - - *eepət- -
"spark" *kipen-- *kɤpɤ - - K. *kɨń - - - - S "gunk, cover", semantics?? F also *küben
"threshing
ground"
*riihi - - - U. inšɨr
~ K. rɨnɨš
- - - - E. rehi. Gmc (Riege etc) ← F.
"thick; big" - - *ečkɜ - K. *ɨdžɨt - - - - medials?
"all" - - - *ćĭlä *ćɨl- - - - -
Samic *ī-ɤ
"to soften" - *tīnɤ- - - - - *tim-
*tintəl-
*tentəL- - StUE4
"coal" - *čīnɤ - - - seen
: sene-
- - - Or H. < *ćänä "tinder"
"smell" - *cīvnɤ *čijńɜ - - - - - - *čixə-nə?
Std. PU *i_a (*i_ä) > similar except P ??
"eye" *silmä *čɤlmē *śeľmɜ *s/šinzä *śin(m-) sëm *šäm *seem *səjmä
"father; big" *isä *ɤčē Mk. oćä *ĭźa - öös *äć - *äjsä Contam. of *äjjä + *iśä in Smy? Mk from oću "big" < *ićäw (cf. F. *isoi)?
"to appear" *itä- *ɤcé- - - - - *ätər- *eet- *ətä- Cf. IE *ǵīd-
"(to) smell" - ɤpsē- Mk opəś *üpš K. isk- iiz(e-) *ät- *eepəL *əptə-
"to cover" *pint-eh - - - *pod fëd- *pänt- *peent- -
"deep; calm" *tüveni *tɤvē - *tüɣə - - *täwənt *teeɣən - F. *i > ü / _wä. Also: *süvä?
"knife" - - - kü̆źə - keeš *käšV *kööčəɣ -
"fir; pine" - - - Hi tɤrke - - *tärəɣ N. teexər - OU metathesis discrepancy. *tirKə-ka?!
"to hit" - - *keŕV- *kĭre- *köral- - Tv kär- - -
"sky" - - *meńəľ - - mëńń - - - *e_ə possible. H. *ńl > ńń
"crowd" - *vɤlvē *veľɜ *-wəlä - - - - -
"slanted" *vino *vɤńē Er veńaža - - - - - -
"trap" *rita *rɤtē - *lüðe K. *ri - - - -
"to stick" *pistä- *pɤstē- - Hi. pište-
~ Me. pɤšte-
- - - - - *pis-tä-, cf. "to stay"
"more, to add" *lisä *lɤsē *ľezɜ - - - - - -
"rowan" *pihlaka - *piźəl *pĭzlə U. paledź
~ K. pelɨź
- *päćər *pećər -
""
Loans (NB Mo. *i-a > *ə-a > *∅-a!)
"place" *sija *sɤjē - - - - - - - ← Gmc *stīja-
"" *hiici *sijtɤ - - - - - - (Sk *tiitə) ← Gmc *sīdōn
"office, position" *virka *vīrkē - - - - - - - ← Gmc. *wirkja-; F. *virka "sign" ← B. *virge-. Nen. ẃārkā (< *wärkä) "to lasso" doesn't belong
"good" *hüvä *sɤvē - - - - - - - ← Ir *šiva. Mo *čiva independantly. MaPH šuŋɜ "healthy" = different
"belt" *hihna - *kšna *šü̆štə - - - - - ← B. *šikšna
"wax" - - *kšta *šištə U śuś ~ K śiś - - - - ← II
"sand" *liiva - - - U. luo ~ K. lɨva - - *ɭowi - B ^ F → P → Kh
Samic *ī_ē
"breast" *nisä *ńīńčē *ńimsä- *ńimə-śä? S. *i > *ī also before palatals? (not in *mińa)
"inside; breast" *sisä- *čīńčē *seźəm *ćĭźə - sü(ü)ɟ;
čëč
N śiś E ťuťi *sünsə Cf. the previous
"little bird" - *cīcē- - - K. džɨdž - - *čii₂nč *sinsä- Onomatopoetic?
"to let go" - *tīptē- tuvto- - - - - - - cf. *tejə ??
"sno, frost" - *rīnē - *rün - - - - -
"grandmother" - *īmē - - - - - *ii₁mə #imä
"frost" - *pīcē - *pöršə *puuž - - *paačəm - Most better *pëčə
"to run, jump" - - - - - üüz- *it(ɣəl-) *ii₁t- -
""
""
Permic e ~ o
"daughter-in-law" *miniä *mɤńē - - U. -meń ~ K. mooń mëń *mäń *meeń *mäńä
"to rut" *kej-ma,
*kii-ma
*kīkɤ- - - U. kemdžɨ-
~ K. koj
kej-, höö *käj- *kööj- - *kixə ? S. *kēj-mē- ← F.
"to rip" *kisko- *kɤškō- Er. śkiŕa- ~
Mk. kəśkəŕa-
- U. keś- ~ K. koś- kiišaal- E *küštəl- *kös- - OU *ü? H. also köszvény "gout". Cf. *kïčkə-
TBS: FP only
"to tear" *riicu- *rīččō- - - *reź- - - - -
"fang" - *čɤlā- ćilä - - - - - -
"yarn" - - - *šü̆rtə *šort - - - - Or *ü
"sweet" *imelä N amiidi - - *juumol - - - - F better ← "to suck"
"slanted" *vita - vaša- Hi. wočɤk ~
Me. wažɤk
U vož ~ K *veež - - - - P. "intersection"
"to press" *liccat- - - *ləźərte- ~
"JU" lazerte-
K. ľićkɨ- - - - -
"scoop; board" *lippVj - Er. ľipuža
~ Mk. ľebža
- - - - - -
TBS: rest
"son-in-law" *vävvü *vīvɤ ov Hi. wiŋgə ~
Me. weŋə
- vöö - *wööŋ *wiŋə Analogy in F from *kälü "daughter-in-law", loaned to S before that?
"knee ~ elbow" - - - - *pidźəs - *päs - -
"to tear" - *ńɤckē- - - K. ńečkɨ- ńeš- - E ńeć-
""
"dark" *pimeðä - - - *peľmɨt - - - *pəjmətä *-d₂m- ? cf. Smy. #pij "dark"
"to unhair" - *nɤvē- ńeveľe/ila- - - - nä/oɣt- *ɳaaw- *nïŋkə- F. nivo- ← S.
"to sho" Es. viisA- - - - U. vodź- ~ K. vidź- viɟaaz- - - - Cf. Gmc?
"narro" - - ťäj- - - - - - #täj- Better *ä
"decking" - - - - K. tis(k)a - - - Ne. ćet ~ Ka. tɤɤʔ
"grave" - - - *šüɣer - šiir(o-) - - -
"to run; to hurry" - - Er. čije- - - šiet- *ćüw-, *śiɣ- - - source for Ms?? Better *e-ä
"to shine" - - - - - šüt- šit- - - better *čekt-?
"sleigh belt" - *čɤnɤ - - - - - - Ne. śään ← IE?
"hill" Es. süŋk - - *šü̆ŋɣä - šeg *ćääŋk(ʷ) *ćooŋk S *čoaŋkē "tuber" cf. F. *soŋka
"sap" - - - - *li - - - Kam. "lêji"
"to moov" *liikku- - - - - - *luk-, *läkʷ- *ɬok- *ləkə-
"fire" - - - - - tüüz
: tüze-
*tääwət *töɣət - ? *tiwätə, or *ü with SMs irregular?
"peg" - *cɤŋkē - - *čög čegeľ - - - Or S ~ *tüŋkä
"gums" *igen - - - *aŋ iiń(e-) - - - Better *jEkəń(ə); add OUg
"quiver" - - - - - tëgëz *täwət *tii₁ɣət - Possibly *-ŋ-.
"doe; mother" - - - - - üsöö - *ees -
"evening" *ilta - Mk. iľä - - - - W *iiLaaj - better *je-?
"son" - - - *iɣə - - - N. jiix (!) Sk. ii
""
""